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BIO-PSYCH

NATANSON EXAM 1:BIO-PSYCH 2011 SPRING

QuestionAnswer
neuron anatomy dendrites, cell body, axon, terminal branches and buds
neuronal transmission cell body-→ axon → dendrites → synapse → receiving neuron
neurotransmitters Chemical messengers that traverse synaptic gaps between neurons
acetylcholine muscle movement
antagonist a drug that blocks receptors of the receiving neuron
opiates pain killers such as morphine
endorphins natural, opiate like neurotransmitters
agonist A drug that mimics the effects of a particular neurotransmitter or blocks its reuptake
dopamine linked to Parkinson’s and schizophrenia
endocrine system "slow" chemical communication system; set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Central nervous system brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
reticular formation nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal
cerebellum helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance
Limbic system regulates emotion, hunger, thirst, temperature
hippocampus processess declarative memory
hypothalamus maintenance activities; hunger, thirst, temperature and emotion
amygdala part of limbic system, processes fear and rage
Wernicke’s area understanding language
Broca’s area directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
Parietal lobe perceiving sensation in sensory cortex
Occipital lobe perceiving vision
Lateralization the right hemisphere controls the left half of the body and the left hemisphere controls the right half of the body.
Hemispheric specialization the tendency for certain processes to be more highly developed on one side of the brain than the other
right hemisphere spatial and musical
left hemisphere verbal and logical processes
Split brain condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the corpus callosum
plasticity brain's capacity for modification; brain reorganization following damage (especially in children) and the effects of experience on brain development
PET inject harmless radioactive substance to examine brain activity
EEG amplified recording of waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface
MRI shows brain anatomy
fMRI shows brain function
Behavior genetics studies the relative influence of genetics and the environment on behavior
Heritability influence of genes on behavior
Environmental influence every non genetic influence; from prenatal to the things and people around us
Adaptive behavior traits those that lead to increased reproduction and survival; random mutations that happen to be adaptive to a particular environment
Created by: ninacn
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