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chptr 4 civil rights
civil liberties and public policy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Bill of Rights | first 10 amendments drafted in to ease anti-federalists |
civil liberties | legal constitutional protections against the goverment |
commercial speech | communication in the form of advertising; most restricted kind of speech; recieves most protection from the supreme court |
cruel and unusual punishment | prohibited by the 8th amendment; dosnt allow unjustified death or torture. death penalty exempt |
eigth amendment | prohibits cruel and unusual punishment |
establishment clause | contained in the 1st amendment; goverment cannot make a law establishing a religion nor favor one over the other |
exclusionary rule | where evidence, no matter how incriminating, cannot be introduced into court unless obtained legally |
fifth amendment | created to protect the rights of the accused of a cime |
first amendment | establishes the four great liberties, freedom of speech,press,religion and assembly |
fourteenth amendment | no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the priveledges or immunities of u.s. citizens |
free excercise clause | amendment provision that prohibits govermental interference with practice of religion |
incorporation doctrine | legal concept which the supreme court has nationalized the bill of rights by making provisions for states through the 14th amendment |
libel | the publications of false or malicious statements that damage someones reputation |
plea bargaining | a deal offered in hopes the defendent will plea guilty for a lesser charge |
prior restraint | goverment preventing material from being published |
probable cause | situation that occurs when police have a reason to believe that a person should be arrested |
right to privacy | being able to have a private personal life free from the goverment |
search warrant | written authorization from a court specifying where and what is being searched and for |
self-incrimination | where an individual accussed of a crime is compelled to be a witness against themselves |
sixth amendment | protects right of the accused. includes right to counsel, speedy trial, and to confront a witness |
symbolic speech | burning a flag or wearing an armband |
unreasonable search and seizure | obtaining evidence in a haphazard or random manner |