Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Final review
Massage therapy
| Question | Answer | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| What is osteoporosis/what causes it/how can it be prevented/how does this apply to massage | Is a loss of bone mass and density brought about by endocrine imbalances and poor metabolism of calcium Massage is indicated | ||
| What is Bell’s palsy/what nerve is effected/ is it a contraindicated to massage | Is a flaccid paralysis of one side of the face caused by inflammation or damage to cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve. Massage is indicated to maintain flexibility and good circulation in the affected muscles. | ||
| What is Parkinson disease/definition/cause/is it a contraindicated to massage | is a degenerative disease of the substantia nigra cells in the brain. These cells produce the neurotransmitter dopamine, which helps the basal ganglia to maintain balance, posture, and coordination | ||
| Condyle | the rounded end of a long bone usually not set off by a neck, usually smaller than a head | ||
| Epicondyle | a bump above a condyle | ||
| process | A broad designation for a bump on a bone | ||
| fossa | a basin like depression in a bone | ||
| Hyperemia | congestion unusual amount of blood in body part. Red area on skin indicating influx of blood to that area | ||
| Atrophy | is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body | ||
| Ischemia | local and temporary deficiency of blood flow to an area | ||
| Hypoxia | deficiency of oxygen | ||
| Name specifically the location of the kidneys. | which lie on either side of the vertebral column between the peritoneum and the back wall of the abdominal cavity at the level of the 12th thoracic and first three lumbar vertebrae | ||
| Location of the jugular vein. | Right and left internal jugular vein pass inferiorly on either side of the neck lateral to the internal carotid and common carotid artery, and drain blood from the cranial bones, meninges and brain. | ||
| Liver: | Second largest organ in the body, located below the diaphragm, mostly on the right side of the body. | ||
| pancreas: | lives beneath the stomach | ||
| Stomach: | directly below the diaphragm- the stomach connects the esophagus to the duodenum | ||
| Gallbladder | is a pear shaped sac that hangs from the lower front margin of the liver | ||
| RICE - what is it and how does it apply to massage therapy treatments. | Rest, Ice, Compression, and elevation The initial care of musculoskeletal injuries is controlling the hemorrhaging, early inflammation, and spasm | ||
| Integumentary | Components: Skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands Functions: Regulate body temperature; protects the body; eliminates some wastes; helps make vitamin D; and detects sensations such as touch, pressure, pain, warmth, and cold | ||
| Skeletal | Components: Bones, joints, and associated cartilages Functions: Supports and protects the body; provides a specific area for muscle attachment; assists with body movements; stores cells that produce blood cells; stores minerals and lipids | ||
| Superior | Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure | ||
| Inferior | Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure | ||
| Anterior | Nearer to or at the front of the body | ||
| Posterior | Nearer to or at the back of the body | ||
| Medial | Nearer to the midline or Midsagittal plane | ||
| Lateral | Farther from the midline or Midsagittal plane | ||
| Proximal | Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk | ||
| Distal | Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk | ||
| Superficial | Toward or on the surface of the body | ||
| Deep | Away from the surface of the body | ||
| Plasma: | proteins that are synthesized mainly by the liver | ||
| Red Blood Cells | responsible for carrying oxygen | ||
| White blood cells | Combat microbes either by phagocytosis or by producing antibodies | ||
| Platelets | Prevents blood loss by initiating a chain of reactions that result in blood clotting | ||
| Pericardium | Encloses and holds the heart in place | ||
| Outer fibrous pericardium | Prevents overstretching, provides a tough protective covering for the heart, anchors the heart in the mediastinum | ||
| Inner Serous Pericardium | Outer parietal layer is fused to the fibrous pericardium and inner visceral layer is attached to the myocardium | ||
| Heart wall | Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium | ||
| Isometric | The contraction is a voluntary concentric contraction in which no joint movement and muscle length is unchanged. | ||
| Isotonic | The contraction is a voluntary contraction where resistance is added and movement is allowed at the joints | ||
| Concentric | in which the muscle shortens as it works | ||
| Eccentric | in which the muscle exerts force while being lengthened by an outside force | ||
| Deep Effleurage | All mechanical effects Stretches and broadens fibers Increases circulation both venous and lymphatic Reduces edema | ||
| Petrissage | All mechanical effects Stretches and broadens fibers Increases circulation both venous and lymphatic Milks muscles of metabolic wastes breaks up adhesions | ||
| Friction | All mechanical effects Stretches and broadens fibers Increases circulation locally Breaks up adhesions Creates hyperemia | ||
| Vibration | All reflex effects Relaxes musclesIncreases circulation both venous and lymphatic Stimulates organ function and synovial activity Relieves pain | ||
| Light Tapotement | All reflex effects Sedation of the tissues Relaxation of the tissues | ||
| Deep Tapotement | All mechanical effects Increases circulation both venous and lymphatic Enhances muscle tone Creates local hyperemia (redness) | ||
| Effleurage | A light or deep stroking or gliding movement following bodily contours which dynamically affect the body mechanically and/or reflexively. | ||
| Variations of Effleurage | Deep or light, fast or slow, long or short and nerve strokes | ||
| Practical Applications of Effleurage | Used to apply oil, to adapt the body to touch, to evaluate the client, too evaluate their tissue, to facilitate transitions between strokes, and to drain the area after other manipulations. | ||
| Petrissage | Is a lifting, stretching or squeezing movement used to lift the soft tissue away from the adjacent structures. | ||
| Variations of petrissage | Fast or slow, skin rolling, kneading, Big C/little c, lifting, picking-up (stretch), fulling (the flesh is grasped between the fingers and palm of the hands). | ||
| Yoga | A system of stretches and exercises for attaining physical, mental and emotional control and well- being | ||
| Biofeedback | A series of exercises to promote conscious control of or awareness of the physiologic responses to stress, pain, or disease; normally involves the use of electronic instruments to monitor the desired effect. | ||
| Breath work | The use of breathing exercises designed to promote focus, energy and the physiologic responses of relaxation; similar to biofeedback | ||
| Visualization | Promoting mental images through verbal guidance or meditation; has been proved to alter the physiology of the participant, which in turn affects emotional and mental sates; the most used relaxation technique in massage | ||
| Exercise | One of the most commonly used stress reduces; creates an endorphin release and promotes physical health. | ||
| Meditation | Promotes focus, balance, a state of peace, and a clearing of the mind; prayers, chants, fasts, and solitude are a few of the common forms being used; much like visualization and biofeedback in its effect. | ||
| bony end feel | CL: bony structures of joints ( full extension of knee) | H: Client feels no pain. Therapist feels abrupt end of range with spring back following overpressure | P: Client may feel pain. Therapist feels abrupt, hard stop before full range due to callus, fracture or mysositis ossificans |
| Migraines | means “half a skull” pain usually unilateral | proposed causes include a. vascular dilation in head structures (intracranial arteries (dura matter) become dilated/inflamed) genetics c. altered neurotransmitter (e.g. serotonin) levels | |
| Cluster headaches (migrainous neuralgia) | “cluster” HA closely packed grouping of attacks that last for several weeks. | 10 x more common in men than women * begins 2nd or 3rd decade of life (mean age 20’s) * extremely acute onset of pain * referred to temple/eye unilaterally | proposed cause: *hypothalamus “biological clock” * vulnerable intracavernous carotid artery affected by neural influences from dysfunctional hypothalamus * mixture vascular and neurogenic mechanisms |
| Tension HA (muscle contraction or stress) | cause * tension, spasm, irritation or trigger points in head and cervical region | * association with * fatigue * stress * prolonged reading * depression/anxiety | ymptoms pain is dull, persistent, changes intensity * pain described as tightening or pressing * located bilaterally in a band around head |
| Acupressure | Energy flowing in these meridians can be stimulated or sedated to achieve desired changes through the manipulation of over 2000 acupressure points Acupressure is the technique that uses digital pressure to accomplish similar effects. | Acupressure is derived from early Chinese medical practices in which the body is mapped out as a series of energy meridians | |
| Alexander Technique | The _____ technique retrains the client’s movement patterns to be come more efficient and less painful. With a distorted posture, normal movement is hindered and altered and distortion set in through repetition of that movement. | For example, if a person slouches, he has a limited ability to breathe. With a distorted posture, normal movement is hindered and altered and distortion set in through repetition of that movement. | It is based on conscious awareness and movement of one’s posture in an effort to lengthen the spine. |
| Aston Patterning | on the work of Ida Rolf, whose concept of postural balance related to body symmetry. one hand massages in the direction of the grain of the muscle while the other hand uses a spiraling motion that follows where the tissues direct or lead. | while the other hand uses a spiraling motion that follows | where the tissues direct or lead. |
| Esalen Massage | Located just outside Big Sur, California, the ___ Institute uses an integration of multiple techniques. Using everything from Swedish massage to Rolfing, the practitioner focuses on blending body, mind and spirit in each massage. | ||
| Feldenkrais Method | was created by Dr. Moshe Feldenkrais, concerned with integrating the body and mine through reeducating learned movements of the body. | By reintroducing different styles of movement through repetition we can bring into awareness old habits and crate new one, leading to new ways of being. | It is based on the belief that our bodies and our movements are a direct expression of our lifestyles and emotional makeup. |
| Jin Shin Do | Developed by Iona Teeguarden, this modality is a blend of Shiatsu, acupressure, breath work,psychology , and Taosit philosophy. Balance of the body, mind, and spirit is the effect that is being promoted. | This technique incorporates bodywork, dialogue, breath exercises, and pressure-point work during which pressure points are held for up to 5 minutes. | |
| Lomi Lomi | Native to the Hawaiian Islands, this ancient massage technique was handed down from generation to generation.It is a blend of Swedish massage, sports massage, chiropractic medicine, prayer, and meditation. | ||
| acupuncture. | In Chinese medicine, these points are primarily stimulated through the use of needles in a technique known as | ||
| Digestive | Components: Organs of the GI tract including mouth pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum and anus. Also includes accessory digestive organs such as salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas | Functions: Ingestion; secretion; mixing and movement of food; digestion; absorption; | |
| Homeostasis | is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions. It ensures that the body’s internal environment remains steady despite changes inside and outside the body. | ||
| Ion | An atom that has a positive or negative charge due to unequal numbers of protons and electrons | ||
| Cation | A positively charged ion | ||
| Anions | A negatively charge ion | ||
| Metabolism | The sum of all the chemical reactions in the body | ||
| Energy | Is the capacity to do work | ||
| Acid | A substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions when it dissolves in water | ||
| Base | A substance that dissociates into one or more hydroxide ions when it is dissolved in water | ||
| Ph | A scale that determines a solutions acidity or alkalinity by the number of hydrogen ions in the solution | ||
| what is the actual fluid portion of the cytoplasm | Cytosol | ||
| Organelles | Specialized structures inside the cell that have its own specific functions | ||
| Cytoskeleton | Structural network that supports the cell | ||
| Centrosome | Critical role in cell division | ||
| Cilia | Provides the motion for the cell | ||
| Flagella | Similar to cilia but longer and can move an entire cell (like a sperm cell) | ||
| Ribosomes | Site of protein synthesis | ||
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Rough ER is a factory for synthesizing proteins and | ||
| Golgi Complex | Sort and package proteins into vesicles and then secretes them | ||
| Lysosomes | Allows final products of digestion to be transported into the cytosol | ||
| Peroxisomes | Detoxes the cell | ||
| Mitochondria | The “powerhouses” of a cell because they are the site of mostATP production | ||
| Nucleus | The brain of the cell that contain most of the cell’s hereditary units | ||
| Passive transport | When a substance moves down its concentration gradient using only its own energy of motion to move through the membrane | ||
| Diffusion | Random mixing of substances that occurs in a solution due to the substances kinetic energy | ||
| Osmosis | Net movement of a solvent (water) though a selectively permeable membrane | ||
| Active transport | When the substance moves uphill against its concentration gradient using cellular energy to push it through the membrane | ||
| Vesicular Transport | Transporting substances from one structure to another within the cells | ||
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Found in parts of the body that requires filtration (kidneys) or | ||
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | Secretion and absorption | ||
| Non-Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium | Secretion and absorption | ||
| Ciliated Simple Epithelium | Moves mucus and other substances by ciliary action | ||
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium | Protection for areas that may lose layers by abrasion | ||
| Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium | Protection and limited secretion and absorption | ||
| Stratified Columnar Epithelium | Protection and secretion | ||
| Transitional Epithelium | Permits organs to stretch without rupturing | ||
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | Secretion and movement of mucus by ciliary action. | ||
| Sebaceous glands | (oil glands) are connected to the hair follicles and secret an oily substance called sebum. | ||
| Sudoriferous glands | (sweat glands) release sweat into hair follicles and to the skin surface through pores | ||
| Eccrine glands | Distributed throughout the skin mainly in forehead, palms, and soles | ||
| Apocrine glands | Found in the skin of the axilla, groin, areolae of the breasts, and bearded regions of the face in adult males | ||
| Ceruminous glands | which are present in the external auditory canal (other ear canal) and secrete cerumen (earwax) | ||
| Name the basic functions of the skeletal system | Supports and protects the body; provides a specific area for muscle attachment; assists with body movements; stores cells that produce blood cells; stores minerals and lipids | ||
| Diaphysis | Bone shaft or body | ||
| Epiphyses | Distal and proximal ends of the bone | ||
| Metaphyses | Regions in a mature bone where the diaphysis joins the epiphyses | ||
| Epiphyseal (growth) plate | A layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diaphysis of the bone to grow in length | ||
| Articular cartilage | Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation with another bone | ||
| Periosteum | Tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue and its associated blood vesselsthat surround the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage | ||
| Medullary cavity | Hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults | ||
| Endosteum | Thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity | ||
| Long bones | Femur, tibia, fibula, humerus | ||
| Short bones | Wrist and ankle bones | ||
| Flat bones | Cranial bones, sternum, ribs, scapula | ||
| Irregular bones | Vertebrae and some facial bones | ||
| Axial Skeleton | Skull, hyoid, auditory ossicles, vertebral column, thorax (sternum and ribs) | ||
| Appendicular Skeleton | Pectoral (shoulder) girdles, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs | ||
| Synarthrosis | An immovable joint (Remember A SIN to move) Sutures in the skull; The teeth that fit into maxillae and mandible | ||
| Amphiarthrosis | A slightly moveable joint Distal articulation between the tibia and the fibula | ||
| Diarthrosis | A freely moveable joint Remember “Die if you don’t move or have movement All synovial joints | Planar, hinge, pivot, Condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket joints | |
| Excitability | Ability of muscle tissue (and nerve cells) to receive and respond to stimuli by producing electrical impulses | ||
| Contractility | Ability of muscle tissue to contract (shorten and thicken) when stimulated by action potentials (impulses) | ||
| Extensibility | Ability of muscle tissue to stretch without being damaged | ||
| Elasticity | Ability of muscle tissue to return to its original shape after contraction or extension (stretch) | ||
| Name the functions of muscle tissue | Producing Body Movements Stabilizing body positions Storing and moving substances within the body Producing heat. | ||
| Skeletal muscle tissue | Attached to bones and moves parts of the skeleton. Striated and voluntary | ||
| Cardiac muscle tissue | Found only in the heart, and forms the bulk of the heart wall. Striated and involuntary | ||
| Smooth muscle tissue | Located in the walls of hollow internal structures (blood vessels, airways, stomach,intestines). Nonstriated and involuntary | ||
| Sliding filament theory | During muscle contraction, myosin heads of the thick filaments pull down on the thin filaments, causing the thin filaments to slide toward the center of a sarcomere. | The I Bands and H Zones eventually disappear altogether when the muscle is maximally contracted | |
| All or none principle | As long as a stimulus is strong enough to cause a threshold-level depolarization, an action potential occurs. It either has enough potential to happen or it doesn’t, can’t have a partial potential | ||
| Isometric contractions | Contracting the muscle without movement (with resistance) | ||
| Isotonic contractions | Contracting the muscle with movement (resistance while doing the movement) | ||
| Identify the two principal divisions of the central nervous system | The brain and the spinal cord | ||
| Structure of neuron Cell Body | Contains a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes typical organelles such as rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, mitochondria, and a Golgi complex | ||
| Dendrites | Receiving or input parts of the neuron | ||
| Axon | Conducts nerve impulses toward another neuron, muscle fiber, or gland cell | ||
| Cervical enlargement | Contains nerves that supply the upper limbs | ||
| How many Spinal segments that give rise to the spinal nerves | 31 total = 8 pairs of cervical nerves; 12 pairs of thoracic nerves; 5 pairs of lumbar nerves; 5 pair of sacral nerves; 1 pair of coccygeal nerves | ||
| Brain stem | Continuous with the spinal cord and consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain | ||
| Diencephalon | Consists mostly of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland | ||
| Cerebrum | The bulk of the brain; surface is composed of a thin layer or gray matter (the cerebral cortex), and the cerebral white matter | ||
| Cerebellum | Posterior to the brain stem | ||
| different divisions of tactile sensations Crude touch | Ability to perceive that something has contracted the skin, even though its exact location, shape, size or texture cannot be determined | ||
| Fine touch | Provides specific information about location, shape, size, and texture | ||
| Plasma | Plasma proteins are synthesized mainly by the liver | ||
| Red Blood Cells | responsible for carrying oxygen | ||
| White blood cells | Combat microbes either by phagocytosis or by producing antibodies | ||
| Platelets | Prevents blood loss by initiating a chain of reactions that result in blood clotting | ||
| identify the components of the cardiovascular system | The blood, heart and blood vessels (arteries and veins) | ||
| Pericardium | Encloses and holds the heart in place | ||
| Outer fibrous pericardium | Prevents overstretching, provides a tough protective covering for the heart, anchors the heart in the mediastinum | ||
| Inner Serous Pericardium | Outer parietal layer is fused to the fibrous pericardium and inner visceral layer is attached to the myocardium | ||
| Heart wall | Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium | ||
| Chambers | Left and right atrium, Left and right ventricles | ||
| Arteries | Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and divide into smaller and smaller arteries and finally into arterioles. They have walls constructed of 3 layers, are elastic, and have contractility. | ||
| Veins | Blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues toward the heart. The layers are thinner and not as strong; the lumens of the veins are larger and have valves to prevent backflow of blood | ||
| dentify and locate major blood vessels in the body | Radial artery; Brachial artery; common carotid artery; popliteal artery; Dorsalis pedis artery; Superior vena cava; Inferior vena cava; Coronary sinus; jugular vein; thoracic, and abdominal aorta; common iliac arteries | ||
| Name the principal organs of the respiratory system | Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles | ||
| Ventilation( process of respiration) 1 | The inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs | ||
| External (Pulmonary) Respiration (process of respiration) 2 | Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the lungs and the bloodstream | ||
| Transport (process of respiration) 3 | Carriage of O2 from the lungs to tissue cells, and CO2 back to the lungs via the bloodstream | ||
| Internal (tissue) Respiration ( process of respiration ) 4 | Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the blood capillaries and the interstitial fluid and tissue cells | ||
| Ingestion ( digestive process 1) | Taking foods and liquids into the mouth | ||
| Secretion ( digestive process 2) | Cells within the walls of the GI tract and accessory organs secrete water, acid, buffers,and enzymes into the lumen of the tract | ||
| Mixing and movement of food ( digestive process 3) | Also called motility | ||
| Digestion (digestive process 4) | The breakdown of food by both chemical and mechanical processes | ||
| Absorption (digestive process 5) | Passage of digested food from the GI tract into the bloodstream and lymphatic system for distribution to cells | ||
| Defecation (digestive process 6) | Elimination of indigestible substances from the GI tract | ||
| Explain what is cryotherapy and how does it apply to massage | It is the therapeutic use of ice. Used in massage to help realign fibers after cross fiber friction and in other hydrotherapy uses | ||
| Epinephrine what does it do/where does it come from | It is released by the adrenal medulla upon stimulation and circulates throughout the body where it intensifies the responses elicited by sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons. Location of brachiocephalic vein/artery | The brachiocephalic trunk divides to form the right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery. | |
| Thyroxine where does it come from and what is its effect on the body | It is produced by the follicular cells in the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones increase the basal metabolic rate, which is the rate of oxygen consumption under standard or basal conditions. | ||
| TMJ what is it/ what joint is involved/how would you treat/what nerve is involved | Temporal-Mandibular joint dysfunction; Involves the Temporal Mandibular joint and the Trigeminal nerve; Pin and stretch off zygomatic arch, striping | ||
| Popliteal fossa - what is located in this area/name the muscle borders | Posterior knee. From Lat to med Common peroneus nerve; Tibial Nerve; Popliteal vein; Popliteal artery; Popliteal lymph nodes. Muscle borders Biceps Femoris; semimembranosus;Gastrocnemius | ||
| Cervical Plexus | Branches out from the C-spine | ||
| Brachial Plexus | Branches out from the shoulder down the arm | ||
| Lumbar Plexus | Branches out from the lumbar spine | ||
| Sacral Plexus | Branches out from the sacral segments of the spine | ||
| What is the average resting pulse rate | 75 BPM | ||
| What causes Rickets | It’s a disease in children in which the growing bones become “soft” or rubbery and are easily deformed due to inadequate calcification of the extracellular bone matrix, usually caused by a vitamin D deficiency. | ||
| Cervical Curve | Neck | ||
| Thoracic Curve | Includes ribs and chest cavity | ||
| Lumbar Curve | Lower back | ||
| Sacral Curve | Hip | ||
| Kyphosis | Bent, curved, or stooped | ||
| Lordosis | Bent backward | ||
| What regulates calcium | The parathyroid | ||
| Sprain | Is an injury to a ligament. Forcible twisting of joint with partial rupture to attachments | ||
| Strain | Is am injury to a muscle or tendon. Stretched or partially torn muscle | ||
| Acute | having rapid onset, severe symptoms and a short course | ||
| Subacute | somewhere in between acute and subacute | ||
| chronic | Long term or frequency recurring; applied to a disease that is not acute | ||
| Kyphosis | an exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column, resulting in a “rounded-shouldered” appearance. also called hunchback | ||
| Lordosis | an exaggeration of the lumbar curve of the vertebral column also called hollow back | ||
| Scoliosis | an abnormal lateral curvature from the normal vertical line of the backbone | ||
| What regulates the release of food from the stomach | pyloric sphincter | ||
| What is the functional unit of the kidney | nephron its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest | ||
| Name the two main ducts lymph drains into/where are they located | Thoracic duct on the Left side of body, and right lymphatic duct | ||
| Tendon | a white fibrous cord of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone | ||
| Ligament | Dense regular connective tissue that attaches bone to bone | ||
| What part of the brain controls the pituitary gland/identify the function of the pituitary gland | The Hypothalamus, the pituitary glands release several hormones | ||
| Pericardium | membrane that surrounds and protects the heart and holds it in place. ( pg 365 A&P) | ||
| Mediastinum | central portion of thoracic cavity between the lungs; extends from the sternum to vertebral column and from neck to diaphragm; contains the heard, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels. (Pg.15 A&P) | ||
| Name the covering that wraps the entire muscle into one functioning unit | Epimysium | ||
| Osteocytes | mature bone cells and are the main cells in bone tissue and maintain daily metabolism, such as the exchange of nutrients and waste with the blood. | ||
| Osteoblasts | are bone- building cells. They synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components need to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue. | ||
| Osteoclasts | huge cells derived from the fusion of 50 or more monocytes and are concentrated in the endosteum. They release powerful lysosomal enzymes and acids that digest the protein and mineral components of the bone extracellular matrix. | ||
| What is an exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the spine | Kyphosis | ||
| Thoracic cavity | chest cavity; contains pleural and pericardial cavities and mediastinum (pg. 15 A&P) | ||
| Subluxation | partial or incomplete dislocation | ||
| Dislocation | complete- displacement of a bone from joint with tearing of igaments, tendons and articular capsule | ||
| Name the bat shaped bone that houses the pituitary gland | Sphenoid bone (pg 128 A&P) | ||
| Name the muscle borders of the axilla | Pect major/lats/teres major/serratus ant | ||
| How many bones make up the skull | Has 22 bones (Pg. 125-127 A&P) | ||
| 8 cranial bones | frontal bones, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, and ethmoid bone | ||
| 14 Facial bones | 2 nasal bones, 2 maxillae, 2 zygomatic bones, the mandible, 2 lacrimal bones, 2 palatine bones, 2 inferior nasal conchae and the vomer. | ||
| Filtration | separation of liquids and solids | ||
| Diffusion | Spread of particles from high concentration to low concentration. | ||
| Osmosis | The movement of solvent molecules to region of higher solute to equalize on two sides. | ||
| Isometric | The joint and muscle are either worked against an immovable force or are held in a static position while opposed by resistance. Practitioner holding forearm down Client lifting to fire bicep NO movement | ||
| Isotonic | tension remains unchanged and the muscle’s length changes. Practitioner hold forearm down client use 5% of strength little movement. | ||
| Toxemia | Toxins in the bloodstream | ||
| Edema | Abnormal amounts of interstitial fluids. | ||
| Hypoxia | The body is deprived of i oxygen. | ||
| Ischemia | Restriction of blood supply. | ||
| Muscle End feel | Cause of limitations: full length of muscle reached | Healthy: Client feels stretch. Therapist feels tension and spring back following overpressure | Pathological end feel: Client may feel pain if adhesions or scarring are present. Therapist feels abrupt end of range. |
Created by:
MelinieWeaver
Popular Massage Therapy sets