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ap gov chap 8 vocab

chapter 8 vocabulary words

QuestionAnswer
Incumbent The person currently in office
Coattails the tendency of lesser known or weaker candidates to profit in an election by the presence on the ticket of a more popular candidate
Political action committee (PAC) A community set up by and representing a corporation, labor union, or special interest group that raises and spends campaign contributions on behalf of one or more candidates or causes.
malapportionment drawing the boundaries of political districts so that the districts are very unequal in population
gerrymandering drawing the boundaries of political districts in bazaar an unusual spaces to make it easy for candidates of the party of power to win elections of those districts
sophomore surge an increase in the votes that congretional candidates usually get when they first run for re-election
position issue an issue dividing the electorate on which rival parties adopt different policy positions to attract voters
valance issues an issue on which voters distinguish rival parties by the degree to which they associate each party or candidate with conditions goals or symbols the electorate universally approves or disapproves of
general election an election used to fill an elective office
primary election an election prior to the general election in which voters select the candidates who will run on each parties ticket
closed primary A primary election limited to registered party members.
open primary a primary election that permits voters to choose on election day the primary in which they wish to vote
blanket primary a primary election that permits all voters regardless of parties to choose candidates
run-off primary a second primary election held in some states when no candidate receives a majority of the votes in the first primary
presidential primary held to select delegates to the presidential nominating conventions of the major parties
independent expenditure spending by politcal action committees on political matters that is done directly and not by giving money to a candidate or party
soft money funds solicited from individuals, corporations, and unions that are spent on party activities such as voter registration campaigns and voting drives rather than on a specific candidate. These funds need not to be reported to the fed. elec. comm.
prospective voting voting for a candidate because one favors his or her ideas for addressing issues after the election
retrospective voting voting for or against the candidate or party in office because one likes or dislikes how things have gone in the past.
Federal Matching Funds funds provided by the federal government dollar for dollar for all monies raised for individual donors who contribute no more than $250. To be eligible candidate must raise $5000 in 20 states in contributions of $250 or less
Front loaded Campaigns primary elections & caucuses held in advance of the general election. By moving their primaries to early dates, states hope to lend decisive momentum to one or two presidential candidates and thus have disproportionate influence on each party’s nomination
Hard Money Hard money is regulated by law and can be used to influence the outcome of federal elections — that is, to advocate the election of specific candidates
Super Tuesday On March 9,a group of southern states banded together to hold the first large effective regional group of primaries in order to boost the importance of southern states in the presidential nomination process & lessen the impact of early votes in the NH pri
straw poll An unofficial vote that is used either to predict the outcome of an official vote, or to gauge the relative strength of candidates for office in a future election
Created by: kortinai
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