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Respiratory terms&+
Respiratory short forms & terminology
| term/short form | Answer |
|---|---|
| Carbon dioxide(CO2) | tasteless,colourless,odorless gas produced by body cells during metabolic process. |
| Cilia | Any hairlike structure. (ei. nose hair) |
| Diffuse | Moving or spreading out of a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces. |
| Homeostasis | State which the regulatory mechanisms of the body maintain a constant internal environment. |
| Mucous Membrane | Moist tissue layer lining hollow organs 7 cavities of the body that open to the environment; also called mucosa |
| pH | Symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance. |
| Septum | Wall dividing two cavities, such as the nasal septum, which separates the two nostrils. |
| Serous Membrane | Thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities, the cells of which secrete a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called serosa |
| nas/o | nose |
| rhin/o | ex.rhin/o/plasty : surgical repair of the septum. |
| sinus/o | sinus,cavity ex. sinus/o/tomy: incision of any of the sinuses. |
| -tomy | incision |
| tonsill/o | tonsils |
| pharyng/o | pharynx(throat) |
| pharyng/o/scope | instrument for examining the pharynx. |
| -scope | instrument for examining |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| -itis | inflammation |
| laryng/o | larynx(voice box) |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| trache/o | trachea(windpipe) |
| bronchi/o | bronchus(plural,bronchi) |
| -ectasis | dilation,expansion |
| bronch/o | bronchus |
| bronchiol/o | bronchiole |
| alveol/o | alveolus (air sac) |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| pneum/o | air;lung |
| -ectomy | excision |
| pneumon/o | air;lung |
| -ia | condition |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| -logist | specialist in the study of |
| anthrac/o | coal,coal dust |
| -osis | abnormal condition;increase(used primarily with blood cells) |
| atel/o | incomplete;imperfect |
| coni/o | dust |
| cyan/o | blue |
| lob/o | lobe |
| orth/o | straight |
| -pnea | breathing |
| ox/i | oxygen |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| -meter | instrument for measuring |
| hyp- | under,below,deficient |
| -emia | blood condition |
| pector/o | chest |
| -algia | pain |
| steth/o | ex.steth/o/scope; instrument used for examining the chest. |
| thorac/o | ex. thorac/o/pathy; disease of the chest. |
| -pathy | disease |
| phren/o | diaphragm;mind |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction,twitching |
| spir/o | breathe |
| -capnia | carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| -osmia | smell |
| an- | without,not |
| -phonia | voice |
| dys- | bad,painful,difficult |
| a- | without,not |
| -ptysis | spitting |
| -thorax | chest |
| py/o | pus |
| brady- | slow |
| eu- | good,normal |
| tachy- | rapid,fast |
| acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids |
| anosmia | absence of the sence of smell |
| apnea | temporary loss of breathing |
| asphyxia | condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen. |
| astelectasis | collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic & affect all part of a lung. |
| atel | incomplete;imperfect |
| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | Repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration, first deeply, then shallow, then not at all. |
| compliance | Ease with which lung tissue can be stretched. |
| Coryza | Head cold; upper respiratory infection (URI) |
| Crackle | Abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates,spasms,hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-full alveoli; also called rale. |
| Croup | Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungs. |
| Deviated nasal septum | Displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils. |
| Epiglottitis | Severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis & supraglottis structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 & 12 years of age. |
| Epistaxis | Nosebleed;nasal hemorrhage. |
| Finger clubbing | Enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers & toes, commonly associated with pulmonary disease. |
| Hypoxemia | Deficiency of oxygen in the blood. |
| Hypoxia | Deficiency of oxygen in tissues. |
| Pertussis | Acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough. |
| DPT | Diptheria-Pertussis-Tetanus; the immunization of infants, is effective in the prevention of pertussis. |
| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis. |
| Pneumoconiosis | Disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust(anthracosis),stone dust(chalicosis), iron dust(siderosis) & asbestos particles(asbetosis). |
| Pulmonary edema | Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues & alveoli, caused most commonly by heart failure. |
| Pulmonary embolus | Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot,tissue,air bubbles,& bacteria). |
| Rhonchus | Abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation. |
| Stridor | High-pitched,harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway. |
| Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | Completely unexpected & unexplained death of an apparently normal,healthy infant, usually less than 12months of age; also called crib death. |
| Wheeze | Whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway. |
| Mantoux test | Intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the are around the test site becomes red & swollen.(A positive mantoux test suggets a past or present exposure to TB or past TB vaccination) |
| Oximetry | Noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry. |
| Polysomnography | Test of sleep cycles & stages using continuous recordings of brain waves (EEGs),electrical activity of muscles,eye movement(electro-oculogram),respiratory rate,blood pressure,blood oxygen saturation,heart rhythm & sometimes,direct observation of person. |
| Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) | Multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in & expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane. |
| poly- | many;much |
| somn/o | sleep |
| Spirometry | Measurment of ventilatory ability by assessing lung capacity & flow, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air. |
| Bronchoscopy | Visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope(flexible fiberoptic or rigid)inserted through the mouth & trachea for direct viewing of structures or of projection on a monitor. |
| Laryngoscopy | Visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors,foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities. |
| Mediastinoscopy | Visual examination of the mediastinal structures including the heart,trachea,esophagus,bronchus,thymus, & lymph nodes. |
| Mediastin/o | Mediastinum |
| Arterial blood gas (ABG) | Test that measures partial pressure of oxygen (Po2),carbon dioxide(Pco2),pH(acidity or alkalinity),& bicarbonate level of an arterial blood sample. |
| Sputum culture | Microbial test used to indentify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pnemonias. |
| Sweat test | Measurement of the amount of salt(sodium chloride) in sweat. used almost exclusively in children to confirm cystic fibrosis. |
| Throat culture | Test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci. |
| Radiography | Process of producing images using x-ray passed through the body or area & captured on a film. |
| Radi/o | Radiation,X-ray;radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) |
| Thoracic (chest) | Images of the chest taken from anteroposterior (AP)projection, or combination of these projections. |
| Scan | Imaging procedure that gathers information about a specific organ or structure of the body. In some cases, small amounts of injected radionuclide(tracer) are used to enhance images. |
| Lung | Nuclear scanning test primarily used to detect pulmonary emboli. |
| Aerosol therapy | Lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways.Techniques include nebulizers,metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), & dry powder inhalers (DPIs) |
| Lavage | Irrigating or washing out of an organ,stomach,bladder,bowel,or body cavity with a stream of water or other fluid. |
| Antral | Irrigation of the antrum(maxillary sinus) in chronic or nonresponsive sinusitis. |
| Postural drainage | Positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage or secretions from the bronchi & lobes of the lungs. |
| Pleurectomy | Excision of part of the pleura, usually parietal. |
| Pneumectomy | Excision of a lung. |
| Rhinoplasty | Reconstructive surgery of the nose to correct deformities or for cosmetic purposes. |
| Septoplasty | Surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures. |
| Thoracentesis | Surgical puncture & drainage of the pleural cavity; also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis. |
| Tracheostomy | Surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck & into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted. |
| Antihistamines | Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissue. |
| Antitussives | Relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain. |
| Bronchodilators | Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax,thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased air flow. |
| Corticosteriods | Act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic & inflammatory actions. |
| Decongestants | Constrict blood vessels of nasal passages & limit blood flow,which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways. |
| Expectorants | Liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes. |
Created by:
Brittanyyy
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