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Myers 9 Chapter 14
Bell West / Psychological Disorders
Question | Answer |
---|---|
psychological disorder | deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns. |
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder | a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms;extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. |
medical model | the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital. |
DSM-IV-TR | The American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, with an updated "text revision", a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. |
anxiety disorders | phychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. |
generalized anxiety disorder | an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
panic disorder | an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. |
phobia | an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation. |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions). |
post-traumatic stress disorder | an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insominia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience. |
post-traumatic growth | positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises. |
somatoform disorder | psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause. |
conversion disorder | a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found. |
hypochondriasis | a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease. |
dissociative disorders | disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings. |
dissociative indentity disorder | a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorder. |
mood disorders | psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. |
major depressive disorder | a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities. |
mania | a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state. |
bipolar disorder | a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. |
schizophrenia | a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions and inappropriate emotions and actions. |
delusions | false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders. |
personality disorders | psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning. |
antisocial personality disorder | a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artisit. |