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LDM Stack #84623
LDM Stack #84623 mm's for palpation
| Muscle | Proximal Attachment | Distal Attachment | Nerve | Action | TrP info |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCM | Lateral surface of mastoid process; lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line | Sternal: anterior surface of manubrium; clavicular: superior surface of medial 1/3 clav | Spinal accesory nerve (motor); C2/C3 (p&p) | Laterally flex neck & rotate head to opposite side; bilat: flex neck to thrust chin forward | Sternal: vertex, occiput, across cheek & around eye; clav: deep ear |
| Splenius Capitus | Inferior 1/2 nuchal lig; SP T1-T6 | Lateral aspect of mastoid process, lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line | Dorsal rami C2-C4 | Laterally flex neck, rotate head to same side; bilat: extend head on neck | Vertex on ipsilateral side |
| Splenius Cervisis | SP's T3-T6 | TVP's C1-C3 | Doral rami C2-C4 | Laterally flex neck, rotate head to same side; bilat: extend head on neck | Shoots thru head to back of eye; blurred vision, tearing |
| Anterior Scalene | Anterior tubercles TVP's C3-C6 | scalene tubercle of 1st rib, anterior to groove for subclavius | Ventral rami C4-C6 | laterally flex & rotate neck, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration | Pec area, down arm skip elbow to radial forearm, thumb, index finger |
| Middle Scalene | Posterior tubercles of TVP's of C2-C7 | 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavius | Ventral rami C4-C6 | Laterally flex neck, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration | Pec area, down arm skip elbow to radial forearm, thumb, index finger |
| Posterior Scalene | Posterior tubercles of TVP's of C5-C7 | External border of 2nd rib | Ventral rami C7-C8 | Laterally flex neck, elevate 2nd rib during forced inspiration | Pec area, down arm skip elbow to radial forearm, thumb, index finger |
| Trapezius | Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal lig, SP C7-T12 | Spine of scap, acromian, lateral 1/3 clavicle | Spinal accessory nerve (motor), C3-C4 (p&p) | Superior fibres: elevate shoulder; middle: retract scap; inferior: depress shoulder; all: rotate scap to elevate glenoid cavity | Question mark: up posteriorlateral neck to mastoid process, up to temporal side of head and around eye |
| Latissimus Dorsi | Inferior 6 Thoracic SP's; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest; inferior 3rd/4th ribs | Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | Thoracodorsal nerve C6-C8 | Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus, raises body when climbing | Inferior angle of scap; back of shoulder, down medial arm to ulnar aspect of hand, ring, middle finger |
| Levator Scapula | Posterior tubercles of TVP's C1-C4 | sSperior part of medial border of scap (above spine) | Dorsal scapular nerve C5, cervial nerves C3-C4 | Elevates scapula; rotates scap to depress glenoid cavity | Angle of neck with spillover along medial border of scap & posterior shoulder |
| Rhomboid Minor | Nuchal lig; SP's C7-T1 | Medial border of Scap (from spine to inferior angle) | Dorsal Scapular nerve (C4-C5) | Retracts scapula, rotates scap to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall | Superficial achy pain along medial border of scap |
| Rhomboid Major | SP's T2-T5 | Medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle | Dorsal Scapular Nerve C4, C5 | Retract scapula, rotate scap to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall | Superficial achy pain along medial border of scapula |
| Deltoid | Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromian, spine of scapula | Deltoid Tuberosity | Axillary nerve C5-C6 | Anterior: flex & medially rotate humerus; Middle: abducts arm after first 15 degrees; Posterior: extends and laterally rotates humerus | Local |
| Supraspinatus | Supraspinatus fossa of scapula | Superior facet of Greater Tubercle of humerus | Suprascapular Nerve C4-C6 | Initiates abduction of humerus (first 15 degrees); acts with rotator cuff mm's; holds humeral head in genoid cavity | Deep ache medial deltoid, sometimes down arm to lateral epicondyle |
| Infraspinatus | Infraspinous fossa of scapula | Middle facet of Greater Tubercle of Humerus | Suprascapular Nerve C5-C6 | Laterally rotates humerus; holds humeral head in glenoid cavity | Deep intense pain anterior shoulder; down anterior lateral arm & forearm to radial half of hand |
| Teres Minor | Superior part of lateral border of scapula | Inferior facet of Greater Tubercle of Humerus | Axillary nerve C5-C6 | Laterally rotates humerus; holds humeral head in glenoid cavity | Sharp deep pain size of tooney in posterior deltoid; proximal to deltoid tuberosity |
| Teres Major | Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula | Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus | Lower subscapular nerve C6-C7 | Adducts and medially rotates humerus | Deep in posterior deloid region, may go down posterior arm; pain with motion |
| Subscapularis | Subscapular fossa of scapula | Lesser Tubercle of humerus | Upper and Lower subscapular nerves C5-C7 | Adducts and medially rotates humerus; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity | Posterior deltoid; may go medially over scapula or may go down posterior arm, SKIPs to band at wrist (esp posterior wrist) |
| Biceps Brachii | Short head: tip of coracoid process of scap; Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scap | Radial Tuberosity, fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis | Musculocutaneous nerve C5, C6 | Supinates, then flexes arm | Superfical achy pain front of shoulder |
| Brachialis | Distal half of anterior surface of humerus | Coranoid process and tuberosity of ulna | Musculocutaneous nerve C5, C6 | Flexes forearm in all positions | Base of thumb and dorsal web space, spillover elbow crease and up to deltoid area |
| Coracobrachialis | Tip of coracoid process of scapula | Middle 1/3 of medial aspect of humerus | Musculocutaneous nerve C5-C7 | Helps flex and adduct humerus, resist shoulder dislocation | (blank) |
| Triceps Brachii | Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scap; Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus prox to radial groove; Middle head: posterior surface of humerus distal to radial groove | Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and forearm fascia | Radial nerve C6-C8 | Chief forearm extensor; long head steadies head of abducted humerus | (blank) |
| Pronator Teres | Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of humerus; Ulnar head: coranoid process of ulna | Middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius | Median nerve C6-C7 | Pronates and flexes forearm at elbow | (blank) |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis | Medial epicondyle of humerus | Base of 2nd metacarple bone | Median nerve C6-C7 | Flexes and abducts (radially deviates) wrist | Wrist flexors: finger pain on palmar surface, around lateral wrist and distal radius; "trigger finger" |
| Palmaris Longus | Medial epicondyle of humerus | Distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum; palmar aponeurosis | Median nerve C7-C8 | Flexes hand at wrist, tightens palmar aponeurosis | Wrist flexors: finger pain on palmar surface, around lateral wrist and distal radius |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of humerus; Ulnar head: Olecranon and posterior border of ulna | Pisiform, Hook of Hamate, base of 5th metatarsal bone | Ulnar nerve C7-C8 | Flexes and adducts (ulnar deviates) wrist | Wrist flexors: finger pain on palmar surface, around lateral wrist and distal radius |
| Brachioradialis | Proximal 2/3 lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | Lateral surface of distal radius, proximal to radial styloid process | Radial Nerve C5-C7 | Weak flexor of forearm, max in mid-pronated position | Base of thumb and dorsal web, spillover to elbow crease and up to deltoid area |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | Dorsal base of 2nd metacarple bone | Radial nerve C6-C7 | Extend and abduct (rad dev) hand at wrist (fist) | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | Dorsal base of 3rd metacarple bone | Deep branch of Radial nerve C7-C8 | Extend and abduct (rad dev) hand at wrist | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Extensor Digitorum | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | Extensor expansions of medial 4 digits | Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (the continuation of Deep branch of Radial nerve) | Extend medial 4 digist at MCP joints, extend hand at wrist | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Extensor Digiti Minimi | Lateral epicondyle of humerus | Extensor expansion of 5th digit | Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (the continuation of Deep branch of Radial nerve) | Extend 5th digit at MCP & IP joints; assist in extending hand at wrist | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Posterior border of ulna | Dorsal base of 5th metatarsal | Posterior interosseous nerve C7-C8 (the continuation of Deep branch of Radial nerve) | Extend and adduct (uln dev) hand at wrist (fist) | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Supinator | Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Radial collateral and anular ligaments; Supinator fossa & crest of ulna | Lateral, posterior & anterior surface of proximal 1/3 of radius | Deep branch of Radial nerve C7-C8 | Supinates forearm by rotating radius to turn palm anteriorly | Lateral epicondyle, dorsum of hand/wrist; "writers cramp"; tennis elbow |
| Adductor Pollicis | Oblique head: Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarples, capitate, adjacent carpals; Transverse head: Anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal bone | Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb | Deep branch of Ulnar nerve C8-T1 | Adducts thumb towards middle digit | (blank) |
| Pectoralis Major | Clav head: Anterior surface of medial 1/2 of clav; Sternocostal head: Anterior surface of manubrium, superior 6 costal cartilages; Aponeurosis of external oblique mm | Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus | Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerves (Clav C5-C6; Stern C7-T1) | Adduct and medially rotate humerus; draws scap anterior inferiorly; Clav: flex humerus; Stern: extend from flexed position | Clav: Anterior deltoid; Stern: intense pain anterior chest, down ulnar aspect of arm to medial epicondyle, may continue to 4th-5th digits; Axilla Trp: brest pain w hypersensitive nipple |
| Pectoralis Minor | 3-5th ribs near costal cartilages | Superior medial surface of coranoid process of scapula | Medial Pectoral nerve C8-T1 | Stabilize scapula by drawing it anterior inferiorly (esp when reaching forward) | (blank) |
| Serratus Anterior | External surface of lateral aspect of ribs 1-8 | Anterior surface of medial border of scapula | Long Thoracic nerve C5-C7 | Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, rotates scapula to elevate glenoid cavity; punching mm | (blank) |
| Rectus Abdominus | Pubic symphysis, Pubic Crest | Xiphoid process, Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 | Thoracoabdominal nerves (ventral rami of inferior 6 thoracic nerves) | Flex trunk; compress viscera, stabilize and control tilt of pelvis | (blank) |
| Psoas Major | Bodies & IVD of T12-L5 vertebrae; Lumbar TVP's | Lesser Trochanter of femur | Ventral rami of L1-L4 | Inferiorly w Iliacus: flex thigh, flex trunk when sitting; Superiorly: flex spine; Balances trunk | Distinctive vertical pattern ipsilaterally along lumbar spine; low back pain; hard to stand from sitting |
| Illiacus | Iliac fossa, iliac crest, ala of sacrum, anterior Sacroiliac ligament | Lesser Trochanter and shaft inferior to it on femur; tendon of psoas major | Femoral nerve L2-L4 | Acts with Psoas Major to Flex thigh & stabilize hip joint | SI, sacrum, medial buttock like QL OR groin and proximal anteriomedial thigh on ipsilateral side |
| Quadratus Lumborum | Medial 1/2 of inferior border of 12th rib; tips of Lumbar TVPs | Iliolumbar ligament, internal lip of iliac crest | Ventral branches of T12-L4 nerves | Bilat: extends & laterally flexes trunk; stabilize 12th rib during inspiration; Uni: hikes hip | Superficial: lateral border of iliac crest, abdomen, groin; Greater trochanter & upper thigh; Deep: strongly into SI joint, bilaterally across sacrum; or low in buttock and ipsilateral glut area |
| Gluteus Maximus | Ilium posterior to gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum & coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament | Iliotibial tract which inserts at lateral condyle of tibia; gluteal tuberosity of femur | Inferior Gluteal nerve L5-S2 | Extends thigh (esp from sitting), assists in lateral rotation of femur | Crescent of pain/tenderness beside glut cleft from SI jt to glut fold |
| Gluteus Medius | External surface of iliac crest btw anterior and posterior gluteal lines | Lateral surface of Greater Trochanter of femur | Superior Gluteal nerve L5-S1 | Abduct and medially rotate femur; keep pelvis level when opposite leg raised | posterior crest of ilium, sacrum and posterior lateral buttock |
| Gluteus Minimus | External surface of iliac crest btw anterior and inferior gluteal lines | Anterior surface of Greater Trochanter of femur | Superior Gluteal nerve L5-S1 | Abduct and medially rotate femur; keep pelvis level when opposite leg raised | Lower lateral buttock, down lateral thigh, knee, leg to ankle |
| Piriformis | Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament | Superior surface of Greater Trochanter of femur | Branches of ventral rami S1-S2 | Laterally rotates extended thigh; Abducts flexed thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum | (blank) |
| Tensor Fascia Lata | ASIS, Anterior part of iliac crest | Iliotibial tract which inserts at lateral condyle of tibia | Superior Gluteal nerve L4-L5 | Abduct and medially rotate femur; keep pelvis level when opposite leg raised; Flexes thigh at hip joint; Assists in keeping leg extended; steadies trunk on thigh | (blank) |
| Sartorius | ASIS & superior part of notch below it | Proximal part of medial condyle of tibia, pes anserine facet 1 | Femoral nerve L2-L3 | Flex; Abduct, laterally rotate hip and assist in Flex knee jt "tailor mm" | (blank) |
| Rectus Femois Quad | AIIS; ilium superior to acetabulum | Base of Patella & indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Femoral nerve L2-L4 | Extends knee joint and assists iliopsoas to flex thigh | Distal anterior thigh & Anterior knee |
| Vastus Lateralis Quad | Greater Trochanter and Lateral lip of linea aspera of femur | Base of Patella & indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Femoral nerve L2-L4 | Extends knee joint | Lateral thigh and knee |
| Vastus Medialis Quad | Intertrochanteric line and Medial lip of linea aspera of femur | Base of Patella & indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Femoral nerve L2-L4 | Extends knee joint, maintains patellar tracking during last 15 degrees of extension | Anerior medial thigh and knee |
| Adductor Longus | Body of pubis, Inferior to pubic crest | Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur | Obturator nerve L2-L4 | Adducts thigh | Proximally to groin area; anteromedial thigh, sometimes knee |
| Adductor Brevis | Body and inferior ramus of pubis | Pectineal line and Proximal 1/3 of linea aspera of femur | Obturator nerve L2-L4 | Adduct thigh; assists in flexing thigh | (blank) |
| Adductor Magnus | Adductor part: ishiopubic ramus; Hamstrings part: Ischial Tuberosity | Adductor Part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line of femur; Hamstrings Part: Adductor tubercle on medial femur | Adductor Part: Obturator nerve L2-L4; Hamstrings Part: Tibial part of Sciatic nerve L4 | Bilat: adduct thigh; Adductor part: Flex thigh; Hamstrings Part: Extends thigh | Upward into groin below inguinal lig; feels deep in pelvis |
| Gracilis | Body and inferior ramis of pubis | Proximal part of medial condyle of tibia; pes anserine facet 2 | Obturator nerve L2-L4 | Adducts thigh, flex knee and assists in medial rotation | Local, hot, stinging |
| SemiTendinosis Hamstring | Ischial Tuberosity | Proximal part of medial condyle of tibia, pes anserine facet 3 | Tibial division of Sciatic nerve L5-S2 | Extend thigh; Flex knee and medially rotate knee when flexed; when hip/knee flexed, assists in extending to stand | Sharp pain projecting upwards to gluteal fold; spillover to posterior medial thigh/knee/calf |
| SemiMembranosis Hamstring | Ischial Tuberosity | Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachemnt forms oblique popliteal ligament to lateral condyle of femur | Tibial division of Sciatic nerve L5-S2 | Extend thigh; Flex knee and medially rotate knee when flexed; when hip/knee flexed, assists in extending to stand | Sharp pain projecting upwards to gluteal fold; spillover to posterior medial thigh/knee/calf |
| Biceps Femoris Hamstring | Long head: Ischial Tuberosity; Short head: Linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line of femur | Lateral side of head of Fibula (split by fibular collateral ligament) | Long head: Tibial division of Sciatic nerve L5-S2; Short head: Common Fibular nerve L5-S2 | Extend thigh; Flex knee and laterally rotate knee when flexed | Sharp pain projecting downwards to back of knee, short distance down calf; may go up thigh to gluteal fold |
| Tibialis Anterior | Lateral condyle and proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane | Base of 1st metatarsal bone; medial and inferior surface of Medial Cuneiform bone | Deep Fibular nerve L4-L5 | Dorsiflex and invert ankle | Anteromedial aspect of ankle and big toe; spillover along shin |
| Fibularis Longus | Head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula | Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform bones | Superficial Fibular nerve L5-S2 | Evert foot; assist in plantarflexing ankle | Lateral malleolus, lateral aspect of foot/leg |
| Fibularis Brevis | Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula | Styoid process of 5th metatarsal bone | Superficial Fibular nerve L5-S2 | Evert foot; assist in plantarflexing ankle | Lateral malleolus, lateral aspect of foot/leg |
| Gastrocnemius | Lateral head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur; Medial head: Popliteal surface of femur, proximal to medial condyle | Posterior surface of calcaneus bone via calcaneal tendon | Tibial nerve S1-S2 | Plantarflex ankle when knee extended, raises heel when walking; flex knee | Instep/medial arch and posterior medial ankle; calf |
| Soleus | Posterior head and proximal 1/4 posterior shaft of femur; Medial border and soleal line of tibia | Posterior surface of calcaneus bone via calcaneal tendon | Tibial nerve S1-S2 | Plantarflex ankle in all positions; steadies leg on foot | Posterior aspect and plantar surface of heel; can project up to SI joint |
| Flexor Digitorum Longus | Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; and by broad tendon to fibula | Bases of distal phalages of lateral 4 digits (toes) | Tibial nerve S2-S3 | Flexes lateral 4 toes; plantarflex ankle, supports longitudinal arch of foot | (blank) |
| Abductor Hallucis | Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus; flexor retinaculum; plantar aponeurosis | Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit (big toe) | Medial Plantar nerve S2-S3 | Abduct and flex 1st digit | (blank) |
| Temporalis | Floor and deep fascia of temporal fossa | Tip and medial surface of coranoid process of mandible; Anterior border of ramus of mandible | Deep Temporal branches of mandibular nerve CNV3 | Elevates mandible closing jaw; posterior fibres are #1 retractors of mandible | Temporal region, eyeborw, upper teeth, hypersensitivity to pressure/temp; decreased jaw mvmt |
| Masseter | Inferior border and medial surface of zygomatic arch | lateral surface of ramus of mandible and coranoid process of mandible | Mandibular nerve via Masseteric nerve | Elevates & protrudes mandible closing jaw; deep fibres retrude jaw | Superficial: eyebrow, maxilla, anterior mandible, teeth become hypersensitive to pressure/temp; Deep: pain Deep in Ear, tinnitus |
| Lateral Pterygoid | Superior Head: infratemporal surface&crest of greater wing of sphenoid; Inferior Head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate | Neck of mandible (Pterygoid Fovea); articular disc and capsule of TMJ | Anterior trunk of Mandibular nerve via Lateral Pterygoid nerve | Bilat: protracts mandible & depresses chin; Uni/Alternatively: side to side mvmt of jaw | Deep to TMJ but not teeth; "Clicking" noise |
| Medial Pterygoid | Deep head: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate & pyramidal process of palatine bone; Superficial Head: Tuberosity of maxilla | Medial surface of ramus of mandible, inferior to mandibular foramen | Mandibular nerve via Medial Pterygoid nerve | Bilat: helps elevate mandible and protrude jaw; Uni: protrudes side of jaw; Alternatively: grinding motion | Vague pain to back of mouth, throat, sometimes deep in ear |
Created by:
Lormacf
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