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9βg
Athenaze 9β Grammar
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is special about nouns declined like πόλις and ἄστυ? | They have two stems ι/υ for the nom/acc/voc sing. and ε for all other forms. Their genitive singular ends in -εως. |
| What are the singular forms of πόλις? | πόλις, πόλεως, πόλει, πόλιν, πόλι |
| What are the plural forms of πόλις? | πόλεις, πόλεων, πόλεσι, πόλεις, πόλεις |
| What are the singular forms of ἄστυ? | ἄστυ, ἄστεως, ἄστει, ἄστυ, ἄστυ |
| What are the plural forms of ἄστυ? | ἄστη, ἄστεων, ἄστεσι, ἄστη, ἄστη |
| Explain the contractions in nouns declined like πόλις and ἄστυ. | When the stem ε comes in contact with ε it becomes ει; when ε comes in contact with α it becomes η. |
| What is peculiar about nouns ending in -εύς? | They have lost an original digamma (F), which comes out as a υ before consonants and drops before vowels. The resulting stem after the dropping of the intervocalic digamma does not contract except with ε. e.g. βασιλέFες => βασιλεῖς or βασιλῆς |
| What are the singular forms of βασιλεύς? | βασιλεύς, βασιλέως, βασιλεῖ, βασιλέα, βασιλεῦ |
| What are the plural forms of βασιλεύς? | βασιλῆς/βασιλεῖς, βασιλέων, βασιλεῦσι, βασιλέας, βασιλῆς/βασιλεῖς |
| What is the stem of the word βοῦς? | βοF- |
| How does βοῦς interact with its endings? | Before a vowel, the digamma (F) drops. Before a consonant, the digamma becomes υ. Since the stem is monosyllabic, the accent goes on the ultima in the genitive and dative. |
| Parse: ναῦς | nom. fem. sing. / acc. fem. plur. |
| Parse: νεώς | gen. fem. sing. |
| Parse: νηΐ | dat. fem. sing. |
| Parse: ναῦν | acc. fem. sing. |
| Parse: ναῦ | voc. fem. sing. |
| Parse: νῆες | nom. fem. plur. / voc. fem. plur. |
| Parse: νεῶν | gen. fem. plur. |
| Parse: ναυσί | dat. fem. plur. |
| Name five uses of the genitive. | Possession; Partitive Genitive or Genitive of the Whole; Object of a Preposition; Object of certain verbs; Time within Which; Objective; Subjective |
| What is a Subjective Genitive? | When the Genitive acts as the subject of the verbal idea of the noun that it depends upon. |
| What is an Objective Genitive? | When the Genitive acts as the direct object of the verbal idea of the noun that it depends upon. |
| What is a Genitive of Possession? | It is a genitive that expresses ownership of the noun that it depends upon. |
| What is a Partitive Genitive or Genitive of the whole? | It is a genitive that express the whole of which the noun that it depends upon is the part. |
| What is a Genitive of Time Within Which? | It is a genitive that expresses a period of time in which an action takes place. It does not express exact time or duration of time. |
| What is an Accusative of Duration of Time? | It is an accusative that expresses how long an event takes. It does not express exact time nor time within which. |
| What is a Dative of Time within Which? | It is a dative that expresses the exact time when something takes place. It does not specify a period of time within which nor duration of time. |
| Name three basic uses of the article. | Change of subject with δὲ; Puts an adjective, participle, adverb or prepositional phrase in the Attributive position when modifying another noun; or in the Substantive position when not modifying another noun |
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