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Pharmacology

Pharmacology - Review + Abbrevs

QuestionAnswer
a.c. before meals
p.c. after meals
q2h, q3h every x hours
ad right ear
IV intravenous
cap(s) capsule(s)
liq liquid
GM, gm gram
ml millilitre
OTC over the counter
b.i.d. twice daily
PRN as needed
STAT immediately
as left ear
od once daily
elix elixer
sol solution
kg kilogram
ss one half
p.o. by mouth
h hour
qd every day
qod every other day
t.i.d. three times daily
au both ears
os left eye
gt, gtt drop
tab tablet
mitte quantity
s without
h.s. at bedtime
q.h. every hour
SC subcutaneous
IM intramuscular
ou both eyes
gtts drops
ung ointment
mg milligram
NPO nothing by mouth
cap(s) capsule(s)
CPS Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties
ODB Ontario Drug Benefit (program)
What is purpose of ODB? Provides fiannical assistance based on eligibility for families or individuals who cannot pay for drugs based on income
What is mechanism of action? the actions & interactions of a drug after it has been absorbed by the body
5 mechanisms of action 1. synergism 2. Additive Action 3. Tolerance 4. Cumulative Action 5. Idiosyncracy
half-life the time that it takes the body to absorb half of the drug
5 factors that affect drug action metabolism, gender, age, other drugs, weight, idiosyncracy, tolerance, time of day
6 ways of administering drugs orally; intravenous; subcutaneous; aerosol; nasal; topical; rectal; sublingual
what is chemotherapy? use of medications to treat cancer (oral, IV, radiation)
Pharmacology is the field of medicine that studies what? medications & their effect on the body
Chemical Name: molecular makeup of drug
generic name: non proprietary/ general name (acetaminophin)
brand name: given to drug by manufacturer (tylenol)
what is drug toxicity? harmful effects of a drug on body
6 routes that are parenteral? intramuscular, intravenous, Z trac, Intrathecal, subcutaneous, intradermal
serious reaction to a medication allergies
metabolites being transported to various parts of the body distribution
extensions of prescriptions Rx Renewal
accomplished mainly by the kidneys excretion
continuation of long-term medications Rx Repeats
medications placed directly in the ear oto route
drugs administered into the airway inhalation
helps medication to bypass the stomach enteric coated
medicine absorbed through mucous membranes topical
purpose for giving the drug therapeutic action
every drug has them side effect
process of breaking down a drug into metabolites metabolism
medications given by injection parenteral
delay in active absorption of medication sustained release
process by which medicaiton is taken into the body absorption
systemic classification circulate in the bloodstream
cumulative action medications accumulate in the body faster than they can metabolize
controlled drugs high potential for addiction
narcotic habit-forming drug (potent analgesic) that relieves pain. Act on CNS
Pharmacology biological science. Studies description of drugs, action, & effects on body
Pharmacologist packages and distributes medications
pharmacy business to dispense medications
4 names can be used to identify a simply drug? 1. generic; 2. brand; 3. chemical; 4. botanical
the total effect that two drugs have in combination is equal to the sum of the effects of each Additive Action
particles of medication suspended in air aerosols
CNS stimulant amphetamine
hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism anaphylaxis
drug which reduces or eliminates sensation anaesthetic
drug which relieves angina by increasing blood flow antianginal
agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug antidote
hypnotic drug derived from barbiuric acid barbiturate
CNS stimulant caffeine
drug that promotes the force and efficiency of the heart cardiotonic
Factors in a patient's condition that prevents the use of a drug treatment contrindications
the concentration of a drug may increase with each dose, due to the half-life of the previous dose cumulative action
the time required by the body to metabolize half the amount of the drug ingested half-life
an effect that is produced as an individual sensitivity to a drug iatrogenic
target substance with which a drug interacts in the body receptor
agent that excites and promotes activity stimulant
a combination of two drugs that causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug given alone synergism
drug used to control anxiety tranquilizer
study of the colecular and physiological effects of a drug on the cellular system pharmacodynamics
deals with the effects drugs have, how long it takes to be absorbed into the body and how the body metabolizes it. pharmacokinetics
studies the adverse effects of drugs and chemicals used for therapeutic purposes as well as agriculture and industry toxicology
study of drugs and their effect on people. Studies how they work and how they interact with other drugs and their therapeutic effect clinical pharmacology
5 Purposes of ODB 1.confirm elegible benefits; 2.guide pharmacists stocking interchangeable products; 3.committees in hospitals/institutions for selection of pharmaceutical preparations; 4.confirm if drug is designated as interchangeable; 5.provide comparative pricing
Created by: MedixMOA
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