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Milady CH5.1
A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ( is areolar tissue with an abundance of fat cells.) | Adipose tissue |
| (is a process of cell division.) | Amitosis |
| is the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones.) | Anabolism |
| is a stage in cell division.) | (Anaphase |
| is loose connective tissue that binds the skin to the underly the underlying tissues and fi lls the (Cells are basic functional units of all living matter.) heart into the blood vessels.) spaces between the muscles.) | Areolar tissue |
| ( are subatomic particles of which all substances are composed.) | Atoms |
| The basic structure in human organisms is the . | cell |
| Cell division, which produces new identical daughter cells, is called | mitosis |
| The complex chemical and physical process that nourishes organisms is called . | metabolism |
| 1. converts and releases energy for cell operation | Mitochondria |
| 2. contains cellular material and transports materials between the inside and outside cell | Cell Membrane |
| 3. produce lipids or proteins for cell utilization and transport | endoplasmic reticulum |
| 4. supervises all cell activity | Nucleus |
| 5. synthesizes carbohydrates and holds protein for secretion | Golgi apparatus |
| 6. involved in the rapid introduction or ejection of substances | vacuole |
| 7. divides and moves to opposite poles of the cell during mitosis | centrosome |
| 8. controls passage of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm | nuclear membrane |
| 9. composed of RNA and protein molecules that synthesize proteins | ribosome |
| 10. fibers of protein and DNA that contain the genes | chromatin |
| A. Chromosomes become larger and can be seen astwo coiled strands called chromatids. | prophase |
| B. This is the normal state of the cell during growth. | interphase |
| C. Cytoplasm divides into two cells. | telophase |
| D. Chromosomes arrange along the equatorial plane. | metaphase |
| E. The chromatids are separated and are again called chromosomes. | anaphase |
| A. impregnated with mineral salts, chiefly calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate | osseous tissue |
| B. found between the vertebrae and in the pubic symphysis | fibrocartilage |
| C. found in the external ear and the larynx | elastic cartilage |
| D. found on the ends of bones and in movable joints | hyaline cartilage |
| E. fibrous bands that connect bones to bones | ligaments |
| F. composed of collagen and elastic fibers that are closely arranged | fibrous connective tissue |
| G. cords or bands that serve to attach muscle to bone | tendons |
| H. binds the skin to the underlying tissues and fi lls the spaces between the muscles | areolar tissue |
| I. has an abundance of fat-containing cells | adipose tissue |
| A. situated in front of | anterior or ventral aspect |
| B. situated farther from the crown of the head | caudal or inferior aspect |
| C. farthest point from the origin of a structure or point of attachment | distal aspect |
| D. situated in back of | posterior or dorsal aspect |
| E. on the side, farther from the midline | lateral aspect |
| F. nearest the origin of a structure or point of attachment | lateral aspect |
| G. situated toward the crown of the head | cranial or superior aspect |
| H. dividing the body into right and left sides | sagittal plane |
| I. the frontal plane dividing it into front and back halves | coronal plane |
| J. pertaining to the middle or nearer to the midline | medial aspect |
| K. a plane through | transverse plane |
| A. region of the temples | temporal |
| B. region of the neck | cervical |
| C. region of the shoulder joint and deltoid muscle | deltoid |
| D. region of the armpit | axillary |
| E. region between the elbow and shoulder | brachial |
| F. region of the abdomen lateral to the epigastric region | hypochondrium |
| G. region of the navel | umbilical |
| H. region inferior to the umbilical region | hypogastric |
| I. region of the kneecap | patellar |
| J. region of the thigh | femoral |
| K. region of the groin | inguinal |
| L. region of the lower back | lumbar |
| M. region of the abdomen | epigastric |
| N. region of the breast and chest | pectoral |
| O. region of the head, posterior to the frontal region and anterior to the occipital region | parietal |
| P. region of the temporal bone behind the ear | mastoid |
| Q. region of the muscles of the buttocks | gluteal |
| R. region of the back of the shoulder or shoulder blade | scapular |
| S. an area behind the knee joint | popliteal |
| T. region of the forehead | frontal |
| 1. carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body | (circulatory) |
| 2. is damaged with a scratch or burn | (integumentary) |
| 3. provides a rigid structure and attachment for muscles | skeletal |
| 4. breaks down food into absorbable particles | digestive |
| 5. includes the pituitary, thyroid, and ovaries | endocrine |
| 6. produces heat and movement | musclcular |
| 7. removes uric acid from the system | excretory |
| 8. provides for continuation of the species | reproductive |
| 9. allows for the absorption of oxygen into the body | respiratory |
| 10. includes the liver, lungs, kidneys, and colon | excretory |
| 11. provides information about where the body is in the environment | nervous |
| 12. produces hormones | endocrine |
| List three fascial membranes associated with the muscles. | (endomysium) (perimysium) (epimysium) |
| Name three types of skeletal membrane and state where each is found. | (periosteum—covering the bones) (perichondrium—covering cartilage) (synovial membrane—in cavities and capsules in and around joints) |
| 1. Two categories of membranes are____ membranes and ____membranes. | epithelial and fibrous connective tissue |
| 2. produce a thick, sticky substance that acts as a protectant and lubricant. | mucous membrane |
| 3. produce a more watery, lubricating substance that lines the body cavities and sometimes forms the outermost surface of the organs contained in those cavities. | serous membrane |
| 4. Three major serous membranes are the that encases the lungs, the around the heart, and the that lines the abdominal cavity. | pleura, pericardium,peritoneum |
| 1. The chemical reactions within a cell that transform food into nutrients used for cell growth and operation are broadly termed . | (cellular metabolism) |
| 2. Two phases of metabolism are and . | (catabolism)(anabolism) |
| 3. The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones is . | (anabolism) |
| 4. The process of breaking down larger substances or molecules into smaller ones is . | (catabolism |
| 5. Protein substances that act as organic catalysts to initiate, accelerate, or control specific chemical reactions in the metabolic process are called . | (enzymes) |
| 6. Collections of similar cells that carry out specific functions of the body are called . | (tissues) |
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