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zoobrat's ch 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Arthrokinematic Movement | accessory movements that occur as a result of inherent laxity or joint play that exists in each joint. |
| Osteokinematic Movement | the movements of flexion,extension,abduction,adduction,rotation. also known as physiologic movements |
| Joint Play | the inherent laxity present in a joint |
| Anatomic Barriers | anatomic structures determined by the shape and fit of the bones at the joint. most likely to be damaged ex-elbow |
| Four initial methods | 1. Gliding 2. Kneading 3. Compression 4. Oscillation or percussion |
| Joint movement: | movement of the joint through its normal range of motion. |
| Synovial | freely movable |
| Synovial fluid | produced on demand by joint movement |
| Anatomic barriers: Anatomic structures determined by the shape and fit of the bones at the joint | anatomic structures determined by the shape and fit of the bones at the joint |
| Physiologic barriers: | result of the limits in range of motion imposed by protective nerve and sensory functions to support optimal performance |
| Pathologic barrier: | adaptation of the physiologic barrier that allows the protective function to limit rather than support optimal functioning |
| Joint end-feel: | sensation felt when a normal joint is taken to its physiologic limit |
| Active joint movement: | movement of a joint through its range of motion by the client. |
| Active assisted movement: | movement of a joint in which both the client and the therapist produce the motion. |
| Passive joint movement: assistance of the client. | movement of a joint by the massage practitioner without the assistance of the client. |
| Facilitation: | state of a nerve in which it is stimulated but not to the point of threshold, the point at which it transmits a nerve signal. |
| Active range of motion: | movement of a joint by the client without any type of assistance from the massage practitioner. |
| Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF): | specific application of muscle energy techniques that uses strong contraction combined with stretching and muscular pattern retraining |
| Muscle energy techniques: | neuromuscular facilitation; specific use of active contraction in individual muscles or groups of muscles to initiate a relaxation response; activation of the proprioceptors to facilitate muscle tone, |
| Lengthening: | process in which the muscle assumes a normal resting length by means of the neuromuscular mechanism. |
| Stretching: | mechanical tension applied to lengthen the myofascial unit (muscles and fascia); two types are longitudinal and cross-directional stretching. |
| Counterpressure: | force applied to an area that is designed to match exactly (isometric contraction) or partly (isotonic contraction) the effort or force produced by the muscles of that area. |
| Target muscle: | muscle or groups of muscles on which the response of the methods is specifically focused. |
| Multiple isotonic contractions: | movement of the joint and associated muscles by the client through a full range of motion against partial resistance applied by the massage therapist. |
| Isometric contraction: | contraction in which the effort of the muscle or group of muscles is exactly matched by a counterpressure, so that no movement occurs, only effort. |
| Isotonic contraction: | contraction in which the effort of the target muscle or group of muscles is partly matched by counterpressure, allowing a degree of resisted movement |
| Concentric isotonic contraction: | application of a counterforce by the massage therapist while allowing the client to move, which brings the origin and insertion of the target muscle together against the pressure. |
| Postisometric relaxation (PIR): | state that occurs after isometric contraction of a muscle; it results from the activity of minute neural reporting stations called the Golgi tendon bodies |
| Reciprocal inhibition (RI): | effect that occurs when a muscle contracts, obliging its antagonist to relax in order to allow normal movement to take place. |
| Comfort barrier: | first point of resistance short of the client's perceiving any discomfort at the physiologic or pathologic barrier |
| Eye positions. | Eyes down facilitates flexors. Eyes up facilitates extension and inhibits flexors. Eyes to the right facilitates and opposing muscles are inhibited. D, Eyes moved left to the side inhibits previously facilitated muscle and facilitates those previously i |
| Positional release: | method of moving the body into the direction of ease (the way the body wants to move out of the position that causes the pain); the proprioception is taken into a state of safety and may stop signalling for protective spasm. |
| Integrated Approach. | muscle energy methods can be used together or in sequence to enhance their effects |
| Making it simple. | Identify short tissue. Increase passive shortening of tissue. Move distal joints in circle. |
Created by:
zoobrat
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