| Question | Answer |
| Autonomic Nervous System | motor system. Controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands. 2 Neuron chain. |
| Where are the centers for the ANS? | In PNS and CNS. Hypothalamus, brainstem, spinal cord |
| Somatic motor | skeletal muscle. 1 neuron(motor). Thick heavily myelinated |
| Visceral motor | ANS - glands, smooth, and cardiac muscle. 2 Neuron chain. Pre and post ganglionic. Thin and unmyelinated. |
| 2 Divisions of ANS and differences | Sympathetic and parasympathetic. Differ in location of pre+post neuron, neurotransmitter, effect |
| Sympathetic ... where is the pre neuron | T1-L2 = thoracolumbar |
| Sympathetic... where is the post neuron | sympathetic chain or prevertebral ganglia(in front of aorta) |
| Splanchnic nerve | postganglionic neuron of sympathetic synapases with another post ganglionic |
| sympathetic preganglionic neurotransmitter | acetylcholine |
| sympathetic postganlionic neurotransmitter | norepinephrine |
| Sympathetic general effect | flight or fight |
| Adrenal Medulla | on top of kidneys. secretes epinephrine/norepinephrine. Cells derived from post-gang neurons |
| parasympathetic 1st neuron | "craniosacral" - originates along here. Nuclei of cranial nerves 3(eye), 7(lacrimal), 9(salivary), 10(heart/stomach/lungs, Sacral (2,3,4) |
| parasympathetic post ganglionic | on or near the target organ |
| neurotransmitter of parasympathetic | acetylcholine |
| general effect of parasympathetic | rest and digest |
| heart rate up | sympathetic |
| herat rate down | parasympathetic |
| smooth muscles of bronchioles dialate | sympathetic |
| smooth muscles of bronchioles constrict | parasympathetic |
| urinary bladder relax to fill | sympathetic |
| urinary bladder expel | parasympathetic |
| digestive tract increase movement | parasympathetic |
| digestive tract decrease movement (reduce peristalsis) | sympathetic |
| sweat glands stimulate | sympathetic |
| arrector pili muscles create goosebumps | sympathetic |
| eye dialates (contract muscles of iris) | sympathetic |
| pupil constricts (muscles of iris relax) | parasympathetic |
| vascoconstriction | making blood more available for heart and skeletal muscle - associated with sympathetic |
