| Question | Answer |
| blood is powered by the action of what organ? | the heart |
| 4 functions of blood | 1) carries respiratory gases, 2) carries nutrients, 3) carries hormones, 4) regulates body temperature |
| blood volume for males (in liters) | 5-6 liters |
| blood volume for females (in liters) | 4-5 liters |
| pH of blood | 7.35-7.45 |
| viscosity of blood | 3.3-5.5 |
| temperature of blood | 100.4 degrees F |
| the liquid portion of blood | plasma |
| plasma is about 90% ____ | water |
| a primary plasma protein: controls osmotic pressure of the circulatory system | albumin |
| a primary plasma protein: transport antibodies | globulins |
| a primary plasma protein: blood clotting elements | fibrinogen |
| three formed elements in blood | white blood cells, red blood cells, thrombocytes |
| white blood cells are also known as | leukocytes |
| red blood cells are also known as | erythrocytes |
| thrombocytes are also known as | platelets |
| 5 types of white blood cells, in order from most to least prevalent | neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils |
| this formed element is shaped like a biconcave disc | RBCs |
| this formed element doesn't have any mitochondria | RBCs |
| the most numerous of the formed elements | RBCs |
| this formed element has no organelles or nuclei | RBCs |
| RBC protein which carries oxygen | hemoglobin |
| formed element which protects the body from infectious microorganisms | WBCs |
| circulating leukocytes leave the capillaries | diapedesis |
| type of leukocyte which has a granular-appearing cytoplasm | granulocytes |
| type of leukocyte which does not have a granular cytoplasm | agranulocytes |
| three granulocytic WBCs | neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils |
| two agranulocytic WBCs | lymphocytes, monocytes |
| most numerous WBC which functions to destroy bacteria | neutrophils |
| WBC type which ends allergic reactions, attacks parasitic infections | eosinophils |
| WBC type which secretes histamines, and function in inflammation mediation-start the allergic reaction response and mediate the inflammation | basophils |
| most important cells of the immune system, act against a specific antigen (specific resistance) | lymphocytes |
| two main classes of lymphocytes | T cells, B cells |
| type of lymphocyte which attacks foreign cells directly | T cells |
| type of lymphocyte which multiplies to become plasma cells | B cells |
| the largest of the leukocytes (WBCs), transform into phagocytic macrophages | monocytes |
| formed element which function as clotting cells | thrombocytes |
| a clotting substance (associated with thrombocytes) | thrombin |
| an anti-clotting substance (associated with thrombocytes) | antiprothrombin |
| the process by which blood cells are formed | hematopoiesis |
| the site of blood cell formation | bone marrow |
| all blood cells arise from one cell type: | the blood stem cell |
| this stem cell type gives rise to lymphocytes | lymphoid stem cells |
| this stem cell type gives rise to all other blood cell types (excluding lymphocytes): | myeloid stem cells |
