ClinAnatomyLowerLimb
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What important structures pass through the femoral triangle? | Femoral nerve, artery, vein, and lymphatics.
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| What structures are within the femoral sheath? | femoral artery vein and lymphatics, but not the nerve
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| what is in the femoral canal? | lymphatics - this is an area of weakness where a femoral hernia may occur.
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| Name the tarsals. | Calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid
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| Do you feel ready for finals and your break? | Of course! You are going to do great!
Enjoy your time off!
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| What is the action of the gluteal muscles? | extend, rotate and abduct the hip
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| what are the major hip flexors? Where do they originate and insert? | iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas) posterior abdominal wall (vertebrae) and the femur
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| Name the hamstrings? What compartment are they and what is their function? | biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus. Just like the biceps of the arm is a flexor, the biceps of the posterior compartment of the thigh is a flexor - of the knee
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| What nerve innervates the posterior thigh? | sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
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| Name the quadriceps femoris muscles. | rectus femoris plus 3 vastus muscles (intermedius, lateralis and medialis)
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| What nerve and what artery supply the anterior compartment of the thigh? | femoral artery and femoral nerve
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| The medial compartment of the thigh is innervated by ___________. Its functon is __________________. | obturator nerve; adduction
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| The function of the anterior leg compartment is _____________. What nerve supplies this compartment? | dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle; disruption of the common fibular nerve leads to foot drop (plantar flexion) due to weakness in dorsiflexion.
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| Name the 3 superficial muscles of the posterior leg compartment. | gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris.
gastroc and soleus form the calcaneal (achilles tendon)
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| What nerve innervates the posterior leg? | Tibial nerve
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| What spinal segments supply the lower limb? | L1-S3
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| what dermatome overlies the area of the inguinal ligament? | L1
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| What dermatome is the 5th toe? | S1
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| What dermatome is the great toe? | Medial 1st toe is L4 but lateral aspect and space b/w 1st and 2nd toe is L5. Some dermatome maps just show 5 for the great toe.
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| What dermatome is the 2nd toe? | L5
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| What spinal cord level is tested by the ankle reflex? | S1 and S2
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| Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh supplies ________________ | sensation to anterolateral thigh (no motor)
Often called lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
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| What 2 nerves of the lower limb pass under the inguinal ligament? | femoral and lateral femoral cutaneous
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| what nerve curves around the neck of the fibula? | common fibular nerve
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| Follow the course of the external iliac artery to the foot with its name changes. | external iliac becomes femoral which becomes the popliteal which divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries. The dorsalis pedis artery is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery
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| What artery supplies deeper structures of the thigh? | Profunda femoris (aka deep femoral or deep artery of the thigh)
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| Claudication in the legs is due to ------------ | peripheral arterial disease - generally atherosclerotic lesions
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| What is the course of the great saphenous vein? | It is along the medial aspect of the leg and the thigh. It located anterior to the medial malleolus.
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| What is the adductor canal? | It is the passageway for the femoral vessels to go through the thigh from the femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa
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| Which of the menisci is attached to its associated collateral ligament? | The medial
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| Forward movement of the tibia during the anterior drawer test indicates a torn ____________ | ACL
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| Which is stronger: the medial or lateral ankle ligaments? | The medial (deltoid) ligament
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| What pulse can be palpated inferior to the inguinal ligament midway between ASIS and the pubic symphysis? | Femoral
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| What is the recommended location for administration of gluteal IM injections? What are we trying to avoid? | The Upper lateral quadrant. Sciatic nerve.
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| Where is the tarsal tunnel? What artery goes through the tarsal tunnel? | posterior to the medial malleolus; posterior tibial artery
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| The medial malleolus is the distal aspect of what bone? | tibial (the fibula is lateral)
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Created by:
Dr. Hall
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