Unit exam 2 Skeletal
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| short bone | example: carpals (wrist)
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| long bone | example: humerus (arm)
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| flat bone | example: frontal (skull)
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| irregular bone | example: vertebrae (spinal cord)
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| diaphysis | hollow tube of hard compact bone
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| epiphysis | cancellous bone that constains red bone marrow
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| periosteum | strong membrane covering bone everywhere except joint surfaces
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| endosteum | thin membrane lining medullary cavity
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| osteoclasts | reabsorb bone
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| osteocytes | bone cells
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| chondrocystes | cartilage cell type
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| osteoblasts | form new bone
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| axial skeleton | skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum
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| appendicular skeleton | 1. Girdles: these are of two types: pectoral, pelvic girdle.
2. Limb bones: There are two pairs of limbs: a pair of forelimbs and a pair of hind limbs.
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| thoracic vertabrae | compose the middle segment of the vertebral column
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| cheekbone (zygomatic bone) | the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek
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| upper jaw bone | the jaw in vertebrates that is fused to the cranium
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| occipital | saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium
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| true ribs | any of the ribs that are attached to the breast bone (sternum): the seven upper ribs
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| false ribs | no direct attachment to the breast bone (sternum): the lower five
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| floating ribs | attached to the vertebrae only: two lowermost pairs
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| phalanges | finger bones
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| ulna | elbow bone (the other large bone on forearm)
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| radius | large bone on forearm
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| tibia | shin bone
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| fibula | calf bone
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| metacarpals | "knuckles" of the hand.
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| tarsals | ankle bone
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| ribs | long curved bones which form the cage
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| femur | thigh bone
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| humerus | long bone in the arm or forelimb that runs from the shoulder to the elbow
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| mandible | lower jaw forming the skull with the cranium
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| carpals | wrist bones
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| metatarsals | five long bones in the foot
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| patella | kneecap
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| diarthrotic joint | exhibits essentially free movements
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| amphiarthrotic joint | offer a level of movement together with a level of sturdiness
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| synarthrotic joint | are essentially immovable
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