AOS 1 - Learning and the Neural Basis of Learning
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| What is Developmental Plasticity? | show 🗑
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| show | It is the brains' flexibility and ability to adjust
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| show | The rapid increase of the total number of synapses (increases tenfold in the first year of life)
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| What is the Sensitive Period in terms of learning? | show 🗑
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| What is Experience-Dependant Learning? | show 🗑
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| show | Learning that occurs through an experience that takes place and that the brain is expecting
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| show | The specific period during which an organism is most vulnerable to the absence of certain stimuli or experiences
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| show | A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience
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| show | A fixed-action pattern
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| How do you know if Learning has taken place? | show 🗑
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| show | Is an AUTOMATIC and INVOLUNTARY behaviour that dies not require prior experience and occurs the same way each time
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| Name 3 Newborn Reflexes | show 🗑
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| What are Fixed-Action Patterns? | show 🗑
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| show | They are more common in lower order species such as insects and smaller vertebrates
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| show | A developmental process towards maturity, based on the orderly sequence of changes that occur in the nervous system and other bodily structures controlled by genes
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| show | It sorts new declarative information and links to lobes (such as occipital for visual memory and written words)
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| show | It is the process of learning associations between a stimulus in the environment (one event) and a behavioral response (another event)
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| Define "Classical Conditioning" | show 🗑
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| Who was the Scientist/Psychologist most famous for their research into Classical Conditioning? | show 🗑
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| show | The name given to the Conditioned Stimulus before it becomes conditioned
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| show | The stimulus that is neutral at the beginning, but eventually causes a response because of the association with the unconditioned
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| Define "The Unconditioned Stimulus" | show 🗑
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| show | A response which occurs automatically when the UCS is present
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| show | The behaviour which is identical to the UCR but happens after aquisition
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| Define "Extinction" (in relation to Classical Conditioning) | show 🗑
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| show | It occurs after extinction and if the
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| show | When an organism will respond by producing a CR to stimuli that is similar to the CS
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| show | When the organism will only respond to the CS and no other stimuli
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| show | Direct contact with the anxiety or fear producing stimuli
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| Define "Aversion Therapy" | show 🗑
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| What is "Operant Conditioning"? | show 🗑
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| Define "Operant" | show 🗑
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| What is Operant Conditioning also known as? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Discimative Stimulus (Antecedent)
2. Response (Behaviour)
3. Consequence
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| What is the Discrimative Stimulus? | show 🗑
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| What is the Response? | show 🗑
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| What is the Consequence? | show 🗑
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| show | Any stimulus (event or action) that subsequently or increases or decreases the likelihood of the response (behaviour) that is follows
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| show | A stimulus which strengthens a response by providing a pleasant or satisfying consequence
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| show | A stimulus that strengthens a response by the REDUCTION, removal or prevention of an unpleasant stimulus
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| show | Delivery of a stimulus following an undesirable behaviour
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| show | The removal of a stimulus following an undesired response
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| show | The presentation of the
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| show | Plan for how often a learnt response response is reinforcement (can be Continuous or Partial)
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| show | When the individual always receives reward after giving correct responses
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| What is a Partial Schedule of Reinforcement? | show 🗑
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| show | It is a set consequence after a certain number of correct responses
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| show | It is most effective during acquisition
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| What is "Variable ratio"? | show 🗑
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| show | Highly effective and highly resistant to extinction
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| What is "Fixed Interval"? | show 🗑
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| How effective is "Fixed Interval"? | show 🗑
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| What is "Variable Interval"? | show 🗑
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| show | Low but inconsistent
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| show | It is a procedure in which a reinforcer is given for a response that successively approximates and ultimately leads to the desired response or target behaviour
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| What is "Token Economy"? | show 🗑
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| What is "Observational Learning"? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Attention
2. Retention
3. Reproduction
4. Motivation
5. Reinforcement
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| What are 3 types of Observational Learning? | show 🗑
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| Define "Attention" (in relation to Observational Learning)? | show 🗑
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| Define "Retention" (in relation to Observational Learning)? | show 🗑
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