Chemistry of Life 2.1-2.3
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| Atom | Smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element.
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| Subatomic Particles | Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
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| Atomic Number | The number of protons an atom has.
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| Mass Number | The sum of the number of protons and neutrons.
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| Mole | A unit of measure for the number of atoms.
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| Isotope | An atom with an abnormal number of neutrons. Can cause atoms and elements to become radioactive.
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| Compounds | A combination or joining of two atoms.
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| Ionic Bond | A bond resulting from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, producing ions.
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| Cation | A positively charged ion.
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| Anion | A negatively charged ion.
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| Covalent Bond | A bond resulting from the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
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| Hydrogen Bonds | A weak attraction of hydrogen to negatively charged atoms or molecules. Important for life.
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| Hydrophilic | Water loving molecules. (Will dissolve in water)
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| Hydrophobic | Water fearing molecules. (Will not dissolve in water)
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| Acid | A substance that releases hydrogen ions when added to water.
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| Base | A substance that takes up free hydrogen ions or releases hydroxide ions when added to water.
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| pH | The measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
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| Electrolytes | Substances that release ions when placed in water.
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| Dehydration Reaction | The removal of water, resulting in the building of a larger molecule from two smaller molecules.
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| Hydrolysis Reaction | The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules.
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