The Resipiratory System Part I
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| What are the functions of the Respiratory System? | 1. Supplies body with oxygen
2. Disposes of carbon dioxide
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| What does the process of respiration involve? | 1. Pulmonary ventilation
2. External respiration
3. Transport of respiratory gases
4. Internal respiration
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| What are the Respiratory organs? | 1. Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses
2. Pharynx, larynx, and trachea
3. Bronchi and smaller branches
4. Lungs and alveoli
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| What is the conducting zone? | 1. Respiratory passageways that carry air to the sites of gas exchange
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| What does the conductiing zone do? | Filter, humidify and warm incoming air
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| What is the Respiratory zone? | site of gas exchange in the lungs; it is the terminal respiratory passages that contain alveoli
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| What is skeletal framework for the external nose? | frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxilla
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| The shape and size variation of the nose are attributed to what? | differences in flexible plates of hyaline nasal cartilages
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| The skin of the nose is _____ and contains what? | thin; many sebaceous glands
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| Th nose cavity is divide internally into left and right half by what? | nasal septum
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| What creates air turbulence in nose cavity? | noses have bony conchae in lateral walls
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| All surfaces of nose cavity of covered by what? | mucosa
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| What is the nasal cavity continuous with and how is it continuous with it? | nasal cavity is continuous with PHARYNX through POSTERIOR NASAL APERTURES - choanae or the internal nares
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| The superior and middle nasal concha are part of what? which concha is not a part of this? | ethmoid bone; inferior nasal concha is a separate bone
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| What is the MEATUS (superior inferior and middle) | groove interior to each concha
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| What are the two types of mucosa in the nasal cavity? | 1. Olfactory mucosa
2. Respiratory mucosa
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| What does the olfactory mucosa do and where is it located? | olfactory mucosa house olfactory receptors and it is a small patch in the roof of the nasal cavity
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| What does the Respiratory mucosa do? | lines all nasal cavity
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| Where do meatuses lie? | meatuses lie under conchae,
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| What have numerous small openings into PARANASAI SINUSES? | meatuses
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| What are the paranasal sinuses? | air filled cavities in bones lined by respiratory mucosa
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| What does the Pharynx do? | connects nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus
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| The pharynx extends from where to where? | the pharynx extends from internal nares (posterior nasal aperture) to cricoid cartilage
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| The nasopharynx is superior to the level of what? | soft palate
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| The nasopharynx is ONLY a what? | nasopharynx is ONLY an AIR PASSAGEWAY
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| The nasopharynx is closed off during swallowing by what? to prevent what? | nasopharynx closed off by uvula to prevent food from entering nasal passages
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| Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located? | located on posterior wall of nasal cavity
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| What destroys pathogens entering the nasal cavity? | the pharyngeal tonsil
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| The pharyngeal tonsil contains the opening to what? | pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube
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| What is the entrance way from the mouth into the oropharynx called? | FAUCES
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| The oropharynx extends from what to what? | extends from soft palate to epiglottis
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| What two tonsils acts as fauces? | Palatine tonsil and the Lingual tonsil
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| What does the lingual tonsils do? | covers the posterior surface of the tongue
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| The Laryngopharynx acts a passageway for what? | food AND air
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| What is the laryngopharynx continous with? | continous with the esophagus AND the larynx
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| What does esophagus do? | conducts food and fluids to the stomach
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| what does the larynx do? | conducts air to the respiratory tract and it is also the voice box
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| The larynx attaches to the what superiorly and is continous with what inferiorly? | larynx is attached to hyoid bone superiorly and continous with trachea inferiorly
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| What are the three functions of the Larynx? | 1. voice production
2. provides a continuously open airway
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| The larynx acts what to route what in to the proper channels? | larynx acts as SWITCHING MECHANISM to route AIR AND FOOD into the proper channels
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| What lines all nasal cavity? | respiratory mucosa
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