lab test & clinical proced
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| antinuclear antibody test (ANA) | detects antibodies assoc w SLE
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to bottom of test tube, tests for RA, tumors, infections
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| rheumatoid factor test (RF) | serum tested for antibody found in RA patients
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| serum calcium (Ca) | measure calcium levels - hypercalcemia - parathyroid or malignancy
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| serum creatine kinase (CK) | measures enzyme creatine kinase - >= musc dystrophy, polymyositis, traumatic injury
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| uric acid test | measures uric acid - gouty arthritis (gout)
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| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from joint (synovial fluid)
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| arthrography | taking x-rays > Injection of contrast material into joint
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| arthrosplasty | surgical repair or replacement of joint
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| TKR | total knee replacement
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| THR | total hip replacement
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| arthroscopy | visual exam of joint
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| bone density test | bone densiitometry - low energy xray of spinal column, pelvis and wrist - measures bone mass
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| bone scan | measures uptake of radioactive substance by bone (used for osteomylitis)
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| computed tomography (CT) | CAT SCAN - xray beam & computer take cross sectional images
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| diskography | xray exam of cervical or lumbr intervertebral disk > injection of contrast into nucleus pulposus (interior of the disk)
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| electromyography (EMG) | elect stimulation, records muscle strength of contractions
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| magenetic resonance imaging (MRI) | magnetic field creates images of soft tissue
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| muscle biopsy | remove tissue, examine with microscope
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