CHP 4 (Integumentary System)
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| Functions of the Integumentary System? | show 🗑
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| show | - Keratin (tough protein helps to provide a durable overcoat for the body, protects deeper cells from the hostile environment)
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| What plays an important role in regulating heat loss from the body surface? | show 🗑
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| what alerts us to bumps and presence of tissue damaging factors as well as to the feel of wind in our hair and caress? | show 🗑
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| show | - consists of " keratanized", stratified squamous epithelial cells.
- composed of 5 layers of bed sheets. (stratum basale,spinosum,granulosum,lucidum and corneum)
- Avascular (no blood supply)
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| show | - Keratinocytes ( keratin cells) are cells that produce keratin, fibrous protein that makes the epidermis a tough protective layer.
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| show | - Stratum Basale, contains epidermal cells that receive nourishment through diffusion of nutrients from the dermis.
- constantly dividing by mitosis.
- contains live cells.
- alternate name " stratum germinativum" means germinating layer.
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| Stratum Spinosum (spiky) ? | show 🗑
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| Stratum Granulosum? | show 🗑
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| show | - dead cells
- found in hairless, thick skin (palms of hands and soles of feet)
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| show | - top most layer (dead cells)
- 20-30 cell layers thick
- dead cell remnants cornified or corny cells (cornu= horn) are filled with Keratin.
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| show | - the stratum corneum rubs and flakes slowly which is dandruff.
- average person sheds 40lb of flakes in a lifetime.
- new cells are replaced by the stratum basale in 25 to 45 days.
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| How is Melanin produced? | show 🗑
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| show | - when skin is exposed to sunlight this causes the melanocytes to produce melanin which gives the body a tan.
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| Dermis? | show 🗑
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| show | - upper dermal region has projections called dermal papillae.
- contain capillary loops which furnish nutrients to the epidermis.
- house pain receptors ( free nerve endings) and touch receptors ( meissners corpuscles)
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| reticular layer in the dermis? | show 🗑
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| What aids in maintaining body temperature in the dermis? | show 🗑
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| Hypodermis? | show 🗑
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| Hair Root Plexus? | show 🗑
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| Sebaceous Gland (exocrine glands) ? | show 🗑
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| Sebum (substance made by the Sebaceous gland) ? | show 🗑
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| Sweat glands? | show 🗑
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| show | - sweat gland that releases to the skin through a duct/pore.
- found all over body
- produces sweat, a clear secretion containing (water, salts, vit c, traces of metabolic wastes, and lactic acid)
- sweat is acidic and inhibits growth of bacteria
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| Aprocrine glands? | show 🗑
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| Arrector Pili Muscle? | show 🗑
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| Pacinian Corpuscle? | show 🗑
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| Meissners Corpuscle? | show 🗑
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| Keratinocytes? | show 🗑
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| Langerhans Cells? | show 🗑
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| show | - cells that make melanin
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| Merkel? | show 🗑
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