MedTermsNervSystem
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| afferent | sensory, detect changes that occur inside and outside the body
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| efferent | motor, signals to muscles and glands to cause an effect
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| somatic nervous system | conscious or voluntary control
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| autonomic nervous system | involuntary or automatic control
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| Central Nervous System (CNS) | brain and spinal cord
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| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | kidney and adrenal glands
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| dendrites | transmit impulses to cell body
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| axon | carries impulses away from body, cannont be replaced
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| myeline sheath | conduct nerve impulses than axons that lack myelin sheath
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| neurilemma | outermost layer of axon
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| neurogila | supporting structure of nervous tissue
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| gila cells | provide support and protection, if destroyed can replace themselves
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| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | protection of brain and spinal cord
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| meninges | three membranes; protect brain and spinal cord
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| brainstem | pons, medulla oblongata, connect cerebrum with spinal cord
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| chemoreceptors | nerve endings that detect chemicals
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| thermoreceptors | under skin, detect changes in temperature
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| photoreceptors | responsible for vision
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| sclera | tough white membrane covering much of eyeball
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| lacrimal | pertaining to tears
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| cochlea | in inner ear, contains receptors that enable us to hear
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| semicircular canals | maintain a sense of balance
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| epidural hematoma | blood accumulates in epidural space, space outside dura matter
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| subdural hematoma | accumulation of blood beneath dura matter
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| intracerebral hematoma | bleeding occurs within brain
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| cerebrovascular accident (stroke) | normal blood supply to brain is disrupted
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| transient ischemic attack (TIA) | precedes stroke, brief interruption in cerebral blood flow
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| psychosomatic | pertaining to mind-body relationship or having physical symptoms of emotional origin
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| psychosis | major mental disorder, gross impairment in reality testing and often characterized by inappropriate mood and diminished impulse control
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| schizophrenia | distortion of reality, disorganization and fragmentation of thought and emotional reaction
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| neurosis | psychiatric disorders
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| analgesics | agents that relieve pain without loss of consciousness
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| hypnotics | sedatives, produce calming effect
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