Spinal cord and spinal nerves
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| Name for protective coverings over spinal cord and brain. | show 🗑
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| show | Epidural space, dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater.
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| What space in the spinal cord has CSF? | show 🗑
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| show | Denticulate ligaments
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| Spinal cord starts here and goes to this vertebra. | show 🗑
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| show | Cervical and Lumbar enlargement for arm and leg nerves.
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| End of spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | Filum Terminale
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| show | Cauda Equina
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| How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have? Where is the first? What nerve is below C7 vertebra? What is below vertebra T9? | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior median fissure
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| Indent on posterior side of spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | Gray commissure.
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| show | Central canal
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| show | Posterior gray horn. Sensory/dorsal root
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| show | Anterior gray horn. Motor/anterior root.
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| Area of gray matter found only in part of spinal cord. Name area, location, and what nerves are involved. | show 🗑
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| General areas of white matter. | show 🗑
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| show | Tracts vs. nerves.
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| show | Epineurium around whole nerve. Perineurium around fascicles. Endoneurium around each axon.
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| Branches of spinal nerves and what they do. | show 🗑
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| show | Plexus.
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| Spinal nerves in cervical network of axons. | show 🗑
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| Nerves in brachial axon network. Name 5 major nerve branches of this network. | show 🗑
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| Nerves of lumbar nerve network. What do they feed? | show 🗑
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| show | T2-T12
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| show | L4, L5, S1-S4. They combine to make the sciatic nerve (and other smaller nerves)and feed the buttocks, legs, and perineum.
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| What nerves are in the lower most nerve network? | show 🗑
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| What problem is often from L4 +L5 disc damage? | show 🗑
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| What causes TOS? | show 🗑
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| show | Carpal tunnel is the entrapment of the median nerve in this tunnel.
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| show | Cause acute trauma to the brachial plexus - C5.
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| show | Dermatomes.
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| show | 8
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| If someone has a C5 disc herniation, what area may have lowered sensation? | show 🗑
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| If a patient has a numb thumb, what nerve may be damaged? | show 🗑
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| 2 homeostatic functions of spinal cord | show 🗑
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| Name 3 white matter tracts and what sense is transmitted. | show 🗑
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| 2 types of pathways of motor output from brain to spinal cord and what messages go through them. | show 🗑
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| show | A fast automatic unplanned sequence of actions.
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| show | Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, brain/integrative area/interneuron, motor neuron, effector.
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| If the effector is skeletal muscle, the reflex is what type? | show 🗑
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| show | Autonomic reflex.
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| What are two reflexes that don't involve skeletal muscle and what do they cause? | show 🗑
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| Just name 4 reflexes involving skeletal muscle. | show 🗑
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| show | Stretch reflex- stretched muscles contract to prevent overstretching and tearing (muscle length control). The opposing muscles do nothing (relax) called antagonist inhibition.
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| show | Stretch reflex- hit patellar ligament cause quick stretch of quad which contracts, kicking foot. If this is decreased, there is a problem with the lower motor neuron in PNS. If overexagerated, problem with upper motor neuron in CNS.
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| Describe reflex dealing with muscle tension control. When will it be seen? | show 🗑
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| show | There will be ipsilateral flexion (through interneuron) and contralateral extension (through interneuron on opposite side).
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| What reflex do we lose as a young child? What does this reflex mean if found in an adult? | show 🗑
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