Psych Unit 9 Vocab
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| Instincts | A rigidly patterned complex behavior unlearned in a species
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| Drive-reduction theory | When physiological needs increase, so do our drives to reduce them
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| Optimum arousal theory | States people perform best with moderate arousal level
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| Yerkes-Dodson law | Moderate arousal leads to optimal performance
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| Self-determination theory | Autonomy, competence, relatedness underline growth and development
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| Sensation-seeking theory | The need for new sensations and the willingness to take risks for them
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| Lewin's motivational conflicts theory | Individuals are motivated to resolve conflicts
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| Approach-approach conflict | Deciding between two appealing choices
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| Approach-avoidance conflict | One thing that has both positive and negative effects
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| Avoidance-avoidance conflict | Deciding between two objectionable choices
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| Intrinsic motivation | Doing an activity for its inherent satisfaction
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| Extrinsic motivation | Any reason someone does something other than the joy of the task
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| Set point | The point at which your "weight thermostat" may be set
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| Ghrelin | "I'm hungry" hormone secreted by empty stomach
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| Leptin | Secreted by fat cells, increases metabolism and decreases hunger
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| Hormones | Messenger molecules in the body
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| Hypothalamus | Controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst
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| Pituitary gland | Makes hormones, controls other glands and therefore some functions of the body
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| Social facilitation | Performance improves in the pressure of others
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| Affiliation need | The need to build relationships and to feel part of a group
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| Ostracism | Deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups
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| Emotion | A whole organism response involving physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, an conscious experience
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| James-Lange theory (AP: in succession) | Our experience of emotions is our awareness of our physiological response to our emotion-arousing stimulus
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| Cannon-Bard theory (AP: simultaneously) | An emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion
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| Broaden-and-build theory | Experience of positive emotions broadens people's thought-emotion repertoires (good emotions --> good vibes --> better life)
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| Two-factor theory (AP: requiring a cognitive label) | Emotion requires physical arousal and cognitive appraisal
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| Facial feedback effect | Facial muscle states trigger corresponding feelings
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| Universal emotions | Emotions that are universal, the six are anger, disgust, happiness, surprise, fear, and sadness
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| Emotional display rules | Cultural etiquette for how to express emotions
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| Catharsis | The idea that "releasing" aggressive energy relieves aggressive urges
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| Feel-good, do-good phenomenon | The tendency to be helpful when in a good mood
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| Positive psychology | The scientific study of human flourishing
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| Relative deprivation | The perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself
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| Stress | The process of appraising and responding to a threatening or challenging event
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| Eustress | Normal stress; beneficial
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| Distress | Overwhelming stress; detrimental
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| General adaptation syndrome | The body's adaptive response to stress in three phases: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
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| Tend and befriend theory | Under stress, people (especially women) provide support to others and bond with and seek support from others
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| Fight-flight-freeze response | Your body's automatic reaction to perceived danger
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| Health psychology | Provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine
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| Immune suppression | A weakened immune system caused by stress
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| Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) | Potentially traumatic childhood events
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| Hypertension | High blood pressure
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| Coping | Alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods
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| Problem-focused coping | Attempting to alleviate stress directly
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| Emotion-focused coping | Attempting to alleviate stress by attending to emotional needs
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| Learned helplessness | When someone doesn't believe they can change a situation so they don't try
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| External locus of control | Blaming external forces for circumstances
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| Internal locus of control | Believing one is in control of their actions
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| Mindfulness meditation | A reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgemental and accepting matter
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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