Stack #50921
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| Sensation | How we detect and encode physical energy
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| Perception | How we organize and intrepret sensation
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| Bottom up processing | start with sensory info and then interpret
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| top down precessing | start with mental idea and apply to sensory info (reading)
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| Absolute threshold | min stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulation
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| difference threshold | min difference between two stimuli required for detection
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| subliminal | below our absolute threshold, percieved unconciously
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| electromagnetic energy | color: wavelength=color, height=brightness
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| vision | light enters cornea, passes through pupil,pupil size controlled by iris, lens focuses light on retina (upside down),
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| fovea | point of central focus
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| Retina | receptor cells
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| rods | black/white, dim light
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| optic nerve | carries messages from the eye to the brain
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| blind spot | where optic nerve leaves the eye
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| optic chiasm | optic nerve chords
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| Trichromatic theroy | young and helmholtz: receptors for red, green, and blue color, all other colors are a combination
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| opponet process theroy | some neurons turn on or off, red/green, blue/yellow, black/ white
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| color constancy | colors are percieved as constant even if sensation changes
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| soundwaves | wavelength=pitch, height=loudness
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| hearing/auditory | outerear funnels in sound waves through auditory canal to ear drum, vibrations sends messages to midear to cochlea which vibrates and moves fluid causes ripples in baislarmembrane-lined w/hairs, hair cells send neural messages thru auditory nerve to brain
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| theroies of hearing | place theroy, frequency theroy
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| place theroy | percieve differncet pitches at different "places" on membrane
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| frequency theroy | percieve pitch by "frequency" of vibrations on membrane
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| touch | 4 skin senses, more alert to sensations from others, processed in sensory cortex (proprialtal lobe-thalamus)
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| 4 skin sensations | pressure, warmth, cold, pain
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| taste | 5 sensations, taste receptors on tongue, sensory interaction,
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| 5 taste sensations | sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami (meaty)
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| Smell/olfaction | scent receptors at top of nose, unique receptors for 1000 smells, combien for 10,000 total smells, connect to limbic system
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| Kinesthesis | sense fo position and movement of each body part
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| vestibular sense | sense of bldy movement, position, and balance
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| Gestalt | whole form
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| figure ground | percieve object as seperate from background
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| grouping | organizing figures
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| proximity | nearby figures go together
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| similarity | like figures go together
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| continuity | patterns are uninteruppted
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| connectedness | single unit
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| closure | fill in gaps
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| depth perception | binocular cues (rely on both eyes), monocular cues (one eye)
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| retinal disparity | difference between the images seen by each eye
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| convergence | how inward the eyes are turned
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| relative size | smaller=farther away
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| interposition | object blocking, another is closer
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| relative height | higher=farther
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| relative motion | think objects are mooving when we are actually moving
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| linear perspective | parallel lines converge with distance
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| light and shadow | dimmer=farther
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Created by:
ontre
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