Blood Vessels Part One
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| 3 walls of blood vessles | tunica intima, tunica media, & tunica externa
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| tissue of tunica intima | endothelium-simple squamous epithelium
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| intima media made up of | smooth muscle and elastic fibers. the smooth muscle is controlled by vasomotor nerves-sympathetic nerve fiers
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| tunic eterna (adventitia) made of | connective tissue. it protects reinforce and anchors the vessel to surrounding structures
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| 2.5 to 1 cm in diam. thick walled arteries near the heart. large amts of elastin and less smooth muscle for stretching and continuous blood flow...the conducting vessels | elastic arteries
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| 1 cm to .3 mm in diam. deliver blood to specific body organs...the distribution vessels | muscular arteries
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| smallest arteries .3 mm to 10 micrometers in diam. responsible for the DISTRIBUTION of blood flow to different tissues...the resistance vessels | arterioles
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| hardening or stiffening of arterial walls | arteriosclerosis
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| fatty deposits w/in the arterial walls and causes arteriosclerosis | atherosclerosis
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| average capillary length; average lumen diam | 1 mm; 8-10 micrometers
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| capillary walls made of of | tunica intima only
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| have no capillaries | lens, cornea, cartilage, epithelial layers
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| allow passage of water and small solute particles | intercellular clefts
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| pores | fenestration esp where absorption and secretion occur
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| large lumens and allow passage of large solutes and some blood cells | sinusoids
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| networks of capillaries w/in an organ or tissue | capillary beds aka microciculation
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| rings on capillaries controlled by vasomotor nerves and local chemical factors and control the distribution flow | precapillary sphincters
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| have a very thin tunica media and have thinner walls and larger lumens | veins
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| the smallest veins are called | venules
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| venous system contains about what % of the total blood volume | 65%
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| venous valves provide one way flow of blood and found in the extremeities only T or F | TRUE
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| stretched dilated veins caused by incompetent valves which are damaged by high venous pressures | varicose veins
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| tunica intima only, supported by surrounding tissues | venous sinuses
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| 2 or more arteries supply the same area and are interconnected. provide collateral channels in case the primary artery is blocked; often occur around joints | arterial anastamoses
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| provide alternate routes for blood to return to the heart | venous anastamoses
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