The posterior abdominal wall and diaphragm
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| show | Retroperitoneally in paravertebral gutters between T12 and L3; right is slightly lower (due to right lobe of liver)
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| * The usual order of structures (vessels) within the hilum from ANTERIOR TO POSTERIOR are the following: _____, ______, _____. | show 🗑
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| * The medial sides of the kidneys are concave in shape and contain a vertical slit called the ___. This leads into a large space called the ___ ____. This space contains the ____ _____, ____, ______ vessels, and ____. | show 🗑
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| * What are the (4) coverings of the kidney (deep to superficial)? | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrous capsule
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| show | Perirenal fat
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| show | Renal fascia
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| show | Pararenal fat
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| * Where are the suprarenal glands located? What are their shapes? | show 🗑
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| Describe the path of the ureters prior to entering the pelvic cavity | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral rami L2-L4; illiopsoas is the chief flexor of the thigh; it flexes and balances the trunk while sitting
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| Describe the innervation and major action of the iliacus | show 🗑
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| Describe the innervation and major action of the psoas minor | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral rami T12-L4; respiratory movement, one side alone laterally bends the trunk
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| Describe how the diaphragm is subdivided into various regions | show 🗑
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| * Describe the crura of the diaphragm. | show 🗑
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| What are the arcuate ligaments? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Aortic hiatus (T12): aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein. 2. Esophageal hiatus (T10): esophagus, vagal trunks (L and R), esophageal branch of left gastric vessels and lymphatics. 3. Caval opening (T8): IVC, right phrenic nerve branches
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| Identify the minor openings in the diaphragm through which the following structures pass: superior epigastric vessels, thoracic splanchinic nerves, left phrenic nerve, sympathetic trunks, subcostal nerves | show 🗑
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| show | Sup: pericadriphrenic arts. (Internal thoracic), musculophrenic arts. (internal thoracic), superior phrenic arts. (thoracic aorta). Inf: inferior phrenic arts. (abdominal aorta)
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| show | Motor: solely from phrenic nerves C3, C4, C5. Sensory: central portion--phrenic nerves, peripheral portions (lower intercostal and subcostal nerves)
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| Where does referred pain to the diaphragm refer to? | show 🗑
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| show | Named after underlying muscles (e.g. diaphragmatic fascia, transversalis gascia, psoas fascia, quadratus lumborum fascia; this continous fascia between parietal peritoneum and musculature of abdominal wall
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| show | subcoastal
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| show | Formed within the psoas major muscle from ventral rami of L1-L4; includes iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, femoral nerve, genitofemoral nerve, obturator nerve
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| show | L1: motor to abdominal muscles and sensory to lower buttocks and lower abdomen
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| Describe the spinal cord segment and area supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve | show 🗑
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| show | L2-L4: Largest branch of the lumbar plexus; runs down in groove between psoas major and iliacus muscle; enters thigh beneath inguinal ligament and lateral to femoral sheath
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| Describe the spinal cord segment, anatomical position, and area supplied by the genitofemoral nerve | show 🗑
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| Describe the spinal cord segment and anatomical position | show 🗑
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| The lumbosacral trunk is composed of the ___ portion of the v. ramus of ___ and all of the v. ramus of ____. It appears on the ___ side of the ____ muscle _____ to the obturator nerve. It enters the pelvis and joins the v. ramus of ____ to form the _____. | show 🗑
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| Describe the position relative to other structures in the abdomen of the lumbar sympathetic trunks | show 🗑
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| * At what level does the abdominal aorta pierce the diaphragm? Where does it bifurcate into the common iliac arteries? | show 🗑
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| show | Begins as the union of the common iliac veins beneath the right common iliac artery; ascends on the posterior abdominal wall to the right of the aorta
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