AL01 - Anatomy of the anterior chest wall & breast
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| Jugular notch | show 🗑
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| Manubrium | show 🗑
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| Sternal angle | show 🗑
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| show | sternal angle
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| show | sternal angle/angle of Louis
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| Is the sternum flat? | show 🗑
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| show | Most inferior part of the sternum
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| show | Ages 20-40
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| show | Ribs 1-7 and the clavicle
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| show | Upside down V from ribs 7-10
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| show | cartilage at the costochondral joint
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| show | 12
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| Intercostal space | show 🗑
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| Rib 12 intercostal space | show 🗑
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| show | line that goes from the jugular notch down the sternum (black)
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| show | lines that go from middle of clavicle down through nipple
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| show | runs along border of costal margin
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| Anterior axillary line | show 🗑
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| Mid-axillary line | show 🗑
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| Posterior axillary line | show 🗑
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| show | 7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccyx: 33 total
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| show | Large round anterior-most portion
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| Pedicle | show 🗑
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| Lamina | show 🗑
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| Transverse process | show 🗑
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| Spinous process | show 🗑
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| Vertebral foramen | show 🗑
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| show | two each (superior and inferior), where laminae and pedicles meet
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| show | area where rib attaches
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| show | above and below pedicles (in articulated vertebrae, notches form foramen that the spinal nerves pass through)
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| show | between adjacent vertebrae in the spine, a cartilaginous joint that allows movement and holds the vertebrae together
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| True ribs | show 🗑
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| show | 8-10; attach to the costal cartilage of rib 7
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| Floating ribs | show 🗑
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| Posteriorly a rib is attached a few intercostal spaces _____ the anterior attachment | show 🗑
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| Anteriorly a rib is attached a few intercostal spaces _____ the posterior attachment | show 🗑
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| Head | show 🗑
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| show | thinner area between head and tubercle
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| Tubercle | show 🗑
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| show | where rib bends anteriorly and inferiorly (curves down about 2 intercostal spaces from back to front)
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| show | depression on bottom inside of rib where intercostal neurovascular bundle is located
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| Coastal demifacets | show 🗑
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| Describe attachment of typical ribs to vertebrae | show 🗑
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| Langer lines | show 🗑
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| Clinical application of Langer Lines | show 🗑
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| Lateral cutaneous nerves | show 🗑
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| Pectoralis major attaches to | show 🗑
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| Cephalic vein located between what two muscles? | show 🗑
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| clavipectoral/deltopectoral groove/triangle | show 🗑
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| deltopectoral groove contains | show 🗑
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| Pectoralis major innervation | show 🗑
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| show | lateral pectoral nerve pierces clavipectoral fascia and innervates upper part of muscle
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| show | goes through pectoralis minor before innervating pectoralis major
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| Clavipectoral fascia position | show 🗑
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| show | pierces the clavipectoral fascia and runs below the clavicle and above the pectoralis minor with the thoracoacromial artery and thoracoacromial vein
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| The thoracoacromial artery branches off | show 🗑
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| thoracoacromial vein drains into | show 🗑
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| Pectoralis minor position | show 🗑
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| show | coracoid process and to the upper ribs (2-5)
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| Pectoralis minor action | show 🗑
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| show | medial pectoral nerve – pierces pectoralis minor to innervate lower part of pectoralis major as well
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| show | Superficial fascia
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| show | breast extension into the axilla (armpit)
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| Male nipple location | show 🗑
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| Female nipple location | show 🗑
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| show | circular pigmented area around nipple
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| show | elevated area in middle of areola that contains 15
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| show | small bumps around the nipple in the areola that keep the nipple supple and moist
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| Mammallary crease | show 🗑
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| show | Areolar glands
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| show | space between the deep fascia of the pectoralis major and the breast upon which the breast is relatively mobile
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| show | holds breast in contour and attaches to the dermis of the skin and breast tissue but doesn’t attach to the deep fascia
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| Ligaments of Cooper | show 🗑
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| show | 15-20 secretory units arranged radially with lactiferous sinuses toward the nipple
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| Milk line | show 🗑
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| show | extra breasts – commonly alng axilla
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| show | extra nipples (most common)
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| show | male breasts (feminization)
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| show | Lateral thoracic artery - left lateral side of breast; internal thoracic (mammary) artery - medial side of breast
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| Lateral thoracic artery | show 🗑
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| Axillary artery | show 🗑
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| Internal thoracic (or mammary) artery | show 🗑
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| show | tumor (or abscess or cyst)
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| Best exam: Dimpling | show 🗑
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| Best exam: Inverted (retracted) nipple | show 🗑
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| show | blockage of subcutaneous lymphatics; sweat glands become more prominent
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| show | vascular signs (secondary to tumor recruiting blood vessels)
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| Best exam: Less mobile | show 🗑
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| Breast Lymphatics (2 major drainages) | show 🗑
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| show | Axillary lymph drainage because breast cancer has a tendency to metastasize here
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| show | with the internal thoracic artery and vein
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| show | into the clavicular nodes
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| Where do the clavicular lymphatic nodes drain? | show 🗑
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| show | deep to pectoralis major and clavipectoral fascia
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| Pectoralis major origin | show 🗑
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| show | Crest of greater tubercle of humerus: Lateral lip of bicipital grove.
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| show | Clavicular (upper) fibers = flexion of humerus; Sternocostal (middle and lower) fibers = extension of humerus returning from flexion; Adduction, medial rotation
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| show | Ribs 3-5
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| show | Coracoid process of scapula
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| Pectoralis minor action | show 🗑
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| Innermost intercostal muscles give rise to | show 🗑
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| transversus thoracis muscles function | show 🗑
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| Nerves that supply the intercostal muscles run between | show 🗑
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