HaneyAPc7/8-spmd
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| What are the four ligaments of the knee? | Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Posterior Cruciate Ligament, Medial Collateral Ligament, and Lateral Collateral Ligament
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| What four muscles make up the quadriceps? | Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius
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| What is the function of the meniscus? | Shock absorption, adds to joint-stability, and helps with the gliding and rotating movements of the femur and tibia
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| What do the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris make up? | the hamstring
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| What is another name for the Iliotibial (IT) band? | Tensor fascia latae
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| Where does the patellar tendon attach? | the tibial tubercle
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| What are the four bones that make up the knee joint? | fibula, tibia, patella, and femur
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| What is the major weight-bearing bone of the lower leg? | tibia
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| What are condyles? | the convex surfaces on the end of the femur
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| Why is it good for knees to be protected by strong muscles? | Some serious sports injuries can be avoided.
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| What is the largest joint in the body? | the knee joint
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| What is the strongest bone in the body? | femur
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| What do the collateral ligaments help with? | reducing valgus and varus movement in the knee joint
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| Which two ligaments form an x in the middle of the knee joint? | ACL and PCL
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| What do the ACL and PCL prevent? | movement of the femur on the tibia
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| How are contusions caused? | from a direct blow to the knee joint
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| How do you know if an athlete has a third degree sprain? | if one or more ligament has been completely torn, there is joint instability, and rapid swelling
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| What does chondromalacia result in? | the irritation and softening of cartilage on the patella
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| Who does the Osgood-Schlatter condition affect? | adolescents during growth spurts
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| How is patellar tendonitis caused? | excessive stress on the patellar tendon which results in inflammation
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| Ch.7 | Maximo
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| Bones are classified according to.. | their shapes
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| The shapes of the bone are.. | long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
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| What is bone covered with? | periosteum
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| What is the SHAFT of the bone called? | diaphysis
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| Name one function of the bone | support/protection, body formation, blood cell formation, store salts
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| Whats does the axial skeleton consist of? | skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, thoracic cage
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| What does the thoracic cage consist of? | ribs, thoracic vertebrae, sternum
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| The vertebral column extends from the skull to the.. | pelvis
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| The humerus extends from the scapula to the.. | elbow
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| How many pairs of ribs are there? | 12
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| What does the cranium do? | encloses/protects the brain
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| What do clavicles hold in place? | shoulder
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| What does each hip bone consist of? | ilium, ischium, pubis
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| Vertebrae are seperated by.. | intervertebral discs
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| What forms the lowest part of the vertebral column? | coccyx
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| The ____ acts like a shock absorber when a person sits | coccyx
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| What side of the leg is the tibia located? | medial
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| The fibula is located on which side of the tibia? | lateral
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| Name 3 types of joints.. | ball and socket, condyloid, gliding, hinge, pivot, saddle
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| What is at each end of a bone? | epiphysis
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| Ch.8 | Maximo
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| What are the three types of muscle? | smooth, cardiac,and skeletal
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| What covers skeletal muscles? | fascia
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| What does cytoplasm consist of? | mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, actin/myosin
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| The organizations of actin and myosin produces.. | striations
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| What stimulates muscle fibers to contract? | motor neurons
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| What supplies the energy for muscle fiber contraction? | ATP
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| Aerobic respiration requires which gas | OXYGEN
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| What are the two different types of blood cells? | red and white
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| During strenuous activities, oxygen deficiency can cause a build up of what? | lactic acid
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| Muscle fatigue is due usually to a build up of.. | lactic acid
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| What is a single, short contraction reflecting stimulation of a muscle fiber? | twitch
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| Smooth muscle fibers contain filaments of.. | actin, myosin
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| What are the two types of smooth muscle? | multiunit smooth muscle, visceral smooth muscle
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| What are the two neurotransmitters involved in smooth muscle contraction? | acetylcholine and noprepinephrine
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| What kind of muscle is self-exciting and rhythmic? | cardiac
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| The immovable end of a skeletal muscle is its.. | origin
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| The movable end of a skeletal muscle is its.. | insertion
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| What is the medical term for "chewing" | mastication
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| What aid prime movers? | synergists
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| What resists the actions of prime movers? | antagonists
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