Endocrine
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| Defintiion of Endocrine System | show 🗑
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| show | The study of this system and the diagnosis and treatment of its disorders
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| show | organs that are traditional sources of hormones
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| Definition of Hormones | show 🗑
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| show | Primary capillaries in hypothalamus connected to secondary capillaries in adenohypophysis by portal venules.
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| How many hormones are produced by the Hypothalamus? | show 🗑
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| Two gonadotropin hormones | show 🗑
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| Difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands | show 🗑
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| show | Nervous: electrical and chemical internal communication, reacts quickly, stops quickly, adapts to long term stimuli quickly, affects a targeted and specific organ Endocrine: only chemical communication, reacts slowly, adapts slowly, widespread effects
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| How many segments does the adenohypophysis have and how is it linked to hypothalamus? | show 🗑
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| show | Three parts: median eminence, infundibulum and posterior lobe Nerve cell bodies in hypothalamus pass down to stalk as hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract and end in posterior lobe
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| show | Thyroid-releasing hormone, Corticotropin-releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Growth hormone releasing hormone, Prolactin Inhibiting hormone, somatostatin
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| What are the two hypothalamic hormones that are stored and released by the posterior pituitary? | show 🗑
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| show | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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| show | Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
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| show | Increase water retention, reduce urine volume, prevent dehydration, vasoconstriction
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| What is the function of oxytocin (OT)? | show 🗑
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| show | Induces liver to produce growth stimulants - Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I) or somatomedins (IGF-II) Increased protein synthesis Increased lipid metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism Electrolyte balance Bone growth
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| What is the function of the pineal gland? | show 🗑
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| show | Thymopoietin, thymosin, thymulin which stimulate development of other lymphatic organs
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| What is the largest endocrine gland? | show 🗑
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| Describe the structure of the thyroid gland. | show 🗑
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| show | Thyroxine T4, triiodothyronine T3, calcitonin
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