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Chapter 1 and 2 Test

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1.
Hypothesis:
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2.
Theory
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3.
Maturation:
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4.
What is a critcism of Piaget's method?
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5.
Piaget: major principles and contributions and critcisms?
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6.
Why is theory important?
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7.
Give and example of Piaget:
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8.
What are the four goals of scientific study of human development, what disciplines does it draw upon, nad how are research methods changing?
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9.
Give and example of theory?
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10.
What is human development, and how has its study evolved?
A.
tentative explanations or predictions that can be tested by further research.
B.
Mead's challenging the inevitability of adolescent rebellion.
C.
- the study of human development seeks to describe, explain predict, and modify development.- students of human development draw upon such disciplines as psychology, psychiatry, sociology, anthropology, biology, genetics, family science, education, histor
D.
a set of logically related concepts or statements, which seeks to describe and explain develoment and to predict what kinds of behavior might occur under certain conditions.
E.
-underestimated the abilities of infants and young children. -cognitive development is more gradual and continuous.-his focus on formal logic as the climax of cognitive development is too narrow, doesn't account for mature abilities as practical problem
F.
A person moves out of sight of and infant and the infant believes the person has disapeared.
G.
unfolding of a natural sequence of physical and behavioral changes, including readiness to master new abilities.
H.
- human development is the scientific study of processes of change nad stability.- the scientific study of human development began with studies of childhood during the 19 century.- as researchers became interested in following development through adulthoo
I.
organize data, the information gathered by research, and is a source of hypothesis. (dynamic)
J.
-viewed cognitive development as the product of children's efforts to understand and act on their world. - clinical method combined observation with flexible questioning.- comprehensive theory of cognitive development; it begins w/an inborn ability to ad
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11.
Why is hypothesis important?
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12.
Give an example of hypothesis:
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13.
- in operant conditioning, a process that strengthens and encourages repetition of a desired behavior.
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14.
learning based on association of behavior with its consequences.
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15.
a change in number or amount, such as growth or loss in height or weight, gains in vocabulary, or an increase or decrease in frequency of aggressive behavior or social interaction.
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change in kind, structure, or organization, such as the change from nonverbal to verbal communication.
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differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes. Change in height, weight, and body build; constitutional factors such as health and energy level; intelligence; and in personality characteristics and emotional reactions.
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18.
specific time when a given event or its absence has the greatest impact on development.
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19.
in operant conditioning, a process that weakens and discourages repetition of a behavior.
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20.
maturation, ability, and experience

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