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Cardiovascular Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
Where is the infarct if the following leads have Q waves: 1. V1-V4 2. V1-V2 3. V4-V6
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2.
Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with cancer?
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3.
Vasculitis in children presenting with fever, erythematous rash on palms and soles and coronary artery involvement.
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4.
Which type of cardiomyopathy: 1. doxorubicin 2. alcohol 3. amyloidosis 4. viral myocarditis 5. hemochromatosis
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5.
1. How long after an MI do ruptures occur? 2. Most common cause of death in acute MI? 3. Mitral regurgitation 4 days after an acute MI?
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6.
What is a truncus ateriosus?
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7.
1. Pericardial knock 2. Most common cause of MI in children? 3. Congenital heart disease associated with congenital rubella
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8.
What are the two forms of ventricular hypertrophy? How are they related to preload and afterload?
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9.
1. Patient with palpitations and delta wave on EKG 2. Prolongation of the QT interval can lead to which arrhythmia?
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10.
1. Most common causes of hemorrhagic pericarditis? 2. Most common cause of fibrinous pericarditis? 3. Most common cause of constrictive pericarditis?
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11.
Severe nosebleeds, pink lesions on oral and nasal mucosa, face and arms
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12.
Where is the infarct if the following leads have Q waves: 1. I, aVL 2. II, III, aVF
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13.
1. How does hypercalcemia affect the QT interval? 2. Pathogenesis of mitral valve prolapse
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14.
1. Mass in left atrium causing syncope 2. Rhabdomyoma is associated with which disease?
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15.
What sizes arteries are effected by: 1. atherosclerosis 2. hyaline arteriosclerosis 3. hyperplastic arteriosclerosis 3. Moncheberg calcific sclerosis
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16.
1. What causes a left-to-right shunt to become right-to-left? 2. What causes hypertension in patients with coarctation of the aorta
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17.
1. What is ANCA 2. How does ANCA cause vasculitis?
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18.
1. Systolic ejection murmur that decreases when squatting. 2. Systolic ejection murmur that increased when squatting.
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19.
Pink upper body and cyanotic lower body in an infant
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20.
Which direction is blood shunted in a patient with Tetrology of Fallot?
A.
Olser-Weber-Rendu syndrome. Hereditary condition with arterovenous malformations.
B.
right-to-left through the VSD difficult for blood to flow through the stenosed pulmonary valve so instead flows through VSD
C.
1. Anterior wall (LAD) 2. Anteroseptal (LAD) 3. Anterolateral (LCX)
D.
a single great artery receiving blood from both ventricles
E.
1. pulmonary hypertension → RV hypertrophy 2. upper extremity BP↑ from blockage of bloodflow; ↓ renal perfusion activates RAAS → water and sodium retention
F.
1. atrial myxoma 2. tuberous sclerosis
G.
1. Lateral wall (LCX) 2. Inferior wall (RCA)
H.
Kawasaki disease
I.
marantis endocarditis (cancer causes hypercoagability resulting in thrombi that in turn cause endocarditis
J.
1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 2. aortic stenosis squatting ↑ preload (via ↑ afterload) → more blodd forced through aortic valve. Stenosis of HOCM is ↓ with ↑ preload
K.
1. constrictive pericarditis 2. Kawasaki disease 3. patent ductus arteriosus
L.
Coarctation of the aorta with PDA. There is ↓ pressure after the coarctation and the pressure in the RV is able to push blood through the PDA to the lower extremities creating a R → L shunt.
M.
1. 3-7 days 2. ventricular fibrillation 3. posteromedial papillary muscle rupture
N.
1. shortens the QT 2. myxomatous degeneration of the valve leaflet
O.
1. dilated 2. dilated 3. restrictive 4. dilated 5. either restrictive or dilated
P.
1. antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody 2. activates neutrophils to release their enzymes and free radicals resulting in vessel damage
Q.
1. tuberculosis and tumor metastasis 2. uremia from renal failure 3. tuberculosis (worldwide), cardiac surgery (US)
R.
1. AV nodal reentrant tachycardia 2. Torsades de Pointes
S.
1. ↑ preload (more blood in ventricle) → eccentric hypertrophy 2. ↑ afterload (ventricle must be stronger) → concentric hypertrophy
T.
1. medium 2. small 3. small 4. medium
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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21.
Biggest risk factor for early, accelerated, and advanced atherosclerosis?
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22.
1. Most common congenital heart disease that children present with. 2. Most common congenital heart disease that adults present with.
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23.
Which section of the aorta wall does blood flow through in an aortic dissection?
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24.
Fever, chest pain that is relieved when leaning forward.
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25.
sudden drop of QRS complex with no gradual lengthening of PR interval
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26.
23 year old woman with fatigue is found to have a systolic murmur and higher than normal cardiac output. What is the differential?
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27.
Endomyocardial fibrosis with an eosinophilic infiltrate.
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28.
Patient with increased pulse pressure and bounding pulse.
Type the Question that corresponds to the displayed Answer.
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29.
1. mitral regurgitation 2. tricuspid regurgitation 3. ventricular septal defect
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30.
1. Overriding Aorta - trunks do not partition equally. larger aorta than pulmonary 2. Pulmonary Stenosis 3. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 4. Right ventricular hypertroph

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