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Anatomy Ch. six
Muscles
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The ability of skeleal muscles to shorten with force | Contractility |
The capacity of skeletal muscles to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
The ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
The ability to recoil to original form | Elasticity |
Tissue sheath that surrounds the skeletal muscle | Epimysium |
The tissue located on the ouside of the epimysium | Fascia |
The muscle composed of numerous visibel bundles | Fasciculi (Fascicle) |
The loose connective tissue that surrounds the fascicle | Perimysium |
The fasciuli are composed of single cells called? | Fibers |
The connective tissue sheath that surrounds the fiber | Myofibils |
thin myofilaments | actin |
thick myofilaments | myosin |
The highly ordered units that actin and myosin form | sarcomreres |
each sarcomrere extends from _ to _ | Z line |
light area on each side of the Z line | I band |
extends the length of myosin | A band |
center of each sarcomere (light area) | H zone |
dark line of myosin | M line |
the charge difference across the membranes | resting membrane potetial |
breif reversal back of the charge | action potential |
nerves that carry action potential to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
each branch connects to make.... | nueuromuscular junction (synapse) |
A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it intervates | motor unit |
Enlarged nerve | Presynapstic terminal |
the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | synaptic cleft |
the muscle fibers | synaptic vescles |
neurotransmitter | acetylchline |
enzyme that breaks down the muscle cells | acetylcholinesterase |
the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myoflaments during contraction | slidding filament mechanism |
the contraction of a muscle in respons to a stimmulus | muscle twitch |
The level at whitch muscle fibers respond | threshold |
when the muscles contrct maximally | all-or-none response |
the me between application of a stimulus to s motor neuron and the beining of a contraction | lag phase |
when the muscles relax | relaxtion phase |
When the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | tetany |
the increase of number of motor units being activated | recruitment |
ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
produced in the mitochondria | ATP |
ADP | adenosine diphosphate |
hih energy molecule | creatine phosphate |
without oxygen | anerobic respiration |
with oxygen | aerobic respiration |
the amount of oxygenneed for a chemical reaction to take place | oxygen debt |
when ATP is used faster than is produced | muscle fatigue |
equal distance | isometric |
equal tension | isotonic |
th constant tention produced by muscles of the body for lon periods of time. | muscle tone |
contract quickly and fatiue faster | fast-twitch fibers |
contracts slowly | slow-teitch fibers |
the points of attatchment of each muscle | oriin and insertion |
most stationary end of the muscle | oriin (head) |
the end of the muscle that underoes that most tention | insertion |
between the insertion and the origin | belly |
muscles tat work toggether to accomplish a spacific movement | synergists |
muscles that work in opposition o one another | antagonist |
if one muscle plays a major role in accomplishing the desired movement | prime mover |
occipito fontalis | raises eyebrows |
orbicularis oculi | opens and closes eye lids |
orbicularis oris | pucers lips |
buccinator | flattens cheeks |
zyomaticus | smilling |
levitor labai superiouris | sneering |
deprssor anuli oris | frowning |
mastication | act of chewing |
temporalis | chewing |
masseter | chewing |
extrinsic | moves tongue |
intrinsic | changes the shape of the tongue |
diaphram | dome shaped muscle |
external oblique | abdominalis |