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A&P Cells
Cells/Membranes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mitosis= | cell division |
| Cells were named by who? | Robert Hooke |
| The 4 elements of cells are? | carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen |
| Cells are what % of water? | 60% |
| Cytology= | study of cells |
| When many metals are in there ionic form and carry an electric charge, what are they called? | electrolytes |
| Plasma membrane (cell membrane) are: | fragile, surrounds each cell |
| The nucleus is: | control center of the cell, contains genes |
| The cell membrane is? | selectively permeable (lets certain things in and lets certain things out |
| What is need for for protein manufacture? | nucleolus |
| What is necessary for cell repoduction? | DNA |
| What is the control center of the cell? | nucleus |
| Genes are contained in what? | nucleus |
| What does Microvilli do? | increase surface area, thus increasing the ability to absorb |
| Cytoplasm: | holds cell contents, contains organelles (little organs) |
| Cell membranes contains? | phospholipids and cholesterol |
| Ribosomes= | site of protein synthesis |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)= | is used for storage and transport |
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum function? | cells membrane factory |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum function? | lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs |
| Golgi apparatus= | secretes mucus |
| Lysosomes contain what type of enzyme? | digestive |
| Proteasomes do what? | destroy protein molecules which have been damaged or were needed for just a short time |
| Mitochondria do what? | supply most of the ATP also referred to as power house |
| Centrioles do what? | help separate chromosomes in cell division |
| Cells contain cytoplasm also known as? | protoplasm (living matter} |
| Plasma membrane are: also known cell membrane | fragile, surround each cell |
| What are the 4 functions of proteins? | act as cell-to-cell recongnition, may serve as hormone receptors,help to form pores, serve as carriers |
| DNA is contained within the? | chromatin |
| DNA is absolutely needed for what? | cell reproduction |
| The cell membrane is? | selectively permeable (lets certain things in, lets certain thins out |
| The what is within the Nucleus and what does it contain? | Nucleolus, Contains DNA, RNA, and proteins |
| What is the nucleolus is needed for what? | protein manufacture |
| What site are ribosomes assembled? | nucleolus |
| What does cytoplasm do? | holds the cell contents, contains organelles "little organs", cell membranes contains phospholipids and cholestrol |
| Endoplasmic reticulum are used for? | storage and transport |
| Golgi apparatus does what? | secrete mucus |
| What does cilia do? | propel other substances along the cells surface |
| What do cilia look like? | small whiplike extensions |
| Flagellum does what? | propels the cell itself projections are longer than cilia and are called flagella |
| Solvent= | substances present in larger amounts in a solution |
| Solute= | substance present in small amounts in a solution |
| Solution= | solvent + solute |
| Diffusion= | movement of molecules from area high concentration (of many collisions) to an area of low concentration (of fewer collisions) |
| Osmosis= | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Filtration= | water and solutes forced through a membrane |
| Facilitated filtration= | water and solutes forced through a membrane with the help of protein |
| Phagocytosis= | cell eating (active) |
| Pinocytosis= | cell drinking (stationary) |
| What are the stages of Mitosis? | Prophase, Metaphase,Anaphase, Telophase |
| Benign= | noncancerous, cannot spread, may enlarged, treated by surgery or leave it alone |
| Malignant= | cancerous, can spread, treated by radiation, chemotherapy, surgery |
| Hyperplasia or hypertrophy= | increase in tissue size |
| Stem cell= | unspecialized cell that may become many different types of cells |
| Meiosis= | cell division of reproductive cells |
| Connective tissues do what? | connect and support |
| Epithelial tissue does what? | covers and lines the body surfaces, also avascular |
| What are the 4 functions of Epithelial tissues? | protection, filtration, absorption, secretion |
| Simple squamous epithelia= | single layer of cells |
| Simple cuboidal epithelia= | common in glands and their ducts |
| Simple columnar epithelia= | provides some protection and may also occur in areas of absorption or secretion |
| Pseudostratified epithelia= or Ciliated | lines much of the respiratory tract |
| Muscle tissues one function is to? | contract and shorten |
| Smooth muscle tissue= | also known as visceral, peristalsis-wave like contraction, involuntary |
| Skeletal muscle tissue= | striated and is voluntary |
| Cardiac tissue is only found in the? | heart, involuntary |
| Nueron= | nerve cell |
| Neuroglia= | nerve glue |
| PNS= | peripheral nervous system |
| Axon= | caries impulses away from the cell body |
| Dendrites= | carries impulses toward the cell body |
| Synapse= | space between cell bodies |
| Neurotransmiter= | chemical |
| What consist of cells that make and secrete a secretion? | a gland |
| Endocrine glands are? | ductless |
| Exocrine glands have? | ducts |
| Bone connective tissue= | bone has good blood supply |
| Osseous= | bone cell |
| Osteo= | bone |
| Cartilage= | avascular |
| Dense connective tissue, Tendons= | attach muscle to bone |
| Dense connective tissue, Ligaments= | bone to bone |
| Collagen fibers are? | strong fibers |
| Elastin fibers= | stretch & recoil |
| Loose connective tissue, Areolar= | tissue that soaks up fluid from an inflamed area. Becomes puffy (edema) |
| Loose connective tissue, Adipose= | stores fat, insulator |
| What is the only liquid tissue? | blood |
| Scar tissue= | strong, lacks the flexibility of most normal tissue |
| Metastasis= | spreading of cancer cells from 1 organ or tissue to another |
| Mucous membranes secrete? | mucus, and are open to the outside |
| Serous membranes secrete? | serous fluid |
| Cutaneous membrane= | skin |
| What is the control center of the cell? | mitochondria |
| What part of the cell is the 'power house'? | mitochondria |
| Lysosomes contain? | digestive enzymes |
| What is needed for protein manufacture? | nucleolus |
| Which type of tissue moves the bones? | skeletal |
Created by:
jhowe2323
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