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SN Hearing Loss

S&H A&P PowerPoint 7

TermDefinition
Sensorineural Hearing Loss can be due to (name 5) Genetic Disorders, Ototoxic Drugs (antibiotics), Endolymphatic Hydrops, Presbycusis, and Noise
Retrocochlear Hearing Loss Hearing loss past the cochlea
Sensorineural Hearing Loss Hearing loss in sensory cells of Organ of Corti or in the neurons of the Auditory Nerve
Presbycusis as you get older you lose hair cells, and thus lose sensitivity to noise
Endolymphatic Hydrops when pressure inside the ear is too high, affects balance and hearing
Temporary Threshold Shift if exposed to loud sound for a short time (e.g. concert)
Permanent Threshold Shift if exposed to loud sound for a long time, leads to irreversible hearing loss
What are the parameters for noise-induced hearing loss? The way the sound is presented (pulses, continuous), level of sound (db SPL), and duration
The first thing effected when exposed to loud sounds Stereocilia disarray, loss, and fusion--can't be properly deflected against the TM
The second thing effected when exposed to loud sounds Outer Hair Cells--when these die, they are replaced by supporting cells (no amplification and vibrations are smaller)
OHC loss effects loudness and sharp tuning of the organ of Corti. 40 dB decrease in sensitivity--brain can't tell where the maximum displacement is and hears sounds at different frequencies
The third thing effected when exposed to loud sounds Inner Hair Cells--at this point outer and inner HCs are gone, the TM has collapsed, RM has collapsed, and the organ of Corti is destroyed. There is no transduction.
Without IHCs... the auditory nerve can no longer function (no action potential fired)
How does a cochlear implant work? Electrodes are inserted into your cochlea all along the scala media and will stimiluate different areas based on tonotopy. Will stimulate auditory nerve with electrical discharge rather than glutamate.
Pitch Shift May hear sound at higher frequencies when there is IHC loss at certain points along the basilar membrane.
Created by: 100000299709410
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