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ANA534 T2 Mammary
learning objective answers to mammary gland
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the axillary tail of the mammary gland? | A tail of fat that extends back into the axilla. |
To which specific group of superficial lymph nodes does the majority of lymph from the breast drain? | axilary |
What is an important clinical fact dealing with other aspects of the lymphatic drainage? | That 10% of the lymph from one breast drains to the opposite breast. |
In which quadrant do tumors most frequently occur? | The superolateral (uppermost and lateral). |
Why do breasts enlarge during the latter stages of pregnancy? | The glandular material (lactiferous glands) proliferates and enlarges as they prepare to produce milk. |
Which component of the lactiferous apparatus terminates on the nipple? | Lactiferous duct. |
Why is the nipple able to become erect? | It contains circularly-arranged smooth muscle fibers. |
What is the pigmented area surrounding it called? | The areola. |
Between which two fascial planes is the retromammary space located? | Between the posterior mammary fascia and the deep fascia of the pectoralis major. |
What is the significance of the mammy gland location? | It allows free movement of the breast over the deep fascia of the pectoralis major. |
If breast mobility is reduced what does this indicate? | That the integrity of the fasciae has been compromised - most often by a growth from the breast back into the muscle (ie. tumor). |
What is this space used for in cosmetic surgery? | Breast augmentations (silicone/saline) implants are placed in this plane and sutured to the deep fascia of the pectoralis major. |
What is the function of the suspensory ligaments? | They “support” the breast preventing it from premature sagging. |
What is the implication of this in advanced tumorigenesis of the breast? | Tumor growth pushes the breast out and the suspensory ligaments become taut giving the skin of the breast an orange peel (dimpled) appearance. |