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Bone and Bone Tissue
Chapter 6 definitions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Articular cartilage | Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the surface of the epiphysis |
Canaliculi | Microscopic passageways that connect lamellae to each other |
Cancellous bone | Spongy bone found in the ends of long bones and the middle of most other bones |
Compact bone | Dense solid bone that forms the shafts of long bones and the outer surfaces of other bones |
Diaphysis | The central shaft-like portion of a long bone |
Endochondral ossification | Process in the fetus whereby cartilaginous skeleton transforms into bone |
Epiphyseal plate | Layer of cartilage separating the epiphysis from the diaphysis at each end of a long bone; the site where bone growth occurs |
Endosteum | Thin epithelial membrane lining the inside of the medullary cavity |
Epiphysis | The head of each end of a long bone |
Haversian canal | Central canal in compact bone containing blood vessels and nerves; surrounded by lamellae |
Intramembranous ossification | Process in the fetus whereby fibrous connective tissue evolves into bone |
Lacunae | Tiny gaps between rings of lamellae in compact bone |
Lamellae | Concentric rings of matrix surrounding haversian canal in compact bone |
Medullary cavity | The central hollow portion of a long bone that contains bone marrow |
Osseous tissue | Bone tissue |
Ossification | The creation of new bone |
Osteoblast | Bone-forming cell |
Osteoclasts | Bone cells that dissolve old or unhealthy bone |
Osteocyte | Mature osteoblast |
Osteon | Basic structural unit of compact bone consisting of a haversian canal and surrounding lamellae |
Periosteum | Dense fibrous membrane covering the diaphysis |
Remodeling | Reshaping or reconstructing part of a bone |
Resorption | The destruction of old bone; part of the bone remodeling process |
Spongy bone | Also called cancellous bone; found in the ends of long bones and the middle of most other bones |
Trabeculae | Latticework of osseous tissue that makes up the structure of spongy or cancellous bone |