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Hearty Heart

Chapter 14

QuestionAnswer
The heart is surrounded by a ______ ______ sac called the pericardium. double layer
Two layers of the pericardium are _______pericardium and _______ pericardium fibrous, serous
The fibrous pericardium is the _______ ______ made of strong connective tissue outer layer
The two layers of the serous pericardium are ____ layer and ______ layer parietal, visceral
The pericardial cavity of the heart contains ______ ______ to help prevent friction serous fluid
The three layers of the heart are endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
In the hearts wall the __________ consists of a thin layer of squamonus epithelial cells and lines the hearts chambers enodcardium
The layer that covers the heart and consists of a thin layer of squamonus epithelial cells is epicardium
The myocardium is middle layer of the heart and the thinnest/thickest thickest
The myocardium is made of ________ _______ cardiac muscle
The heart has 2/4/6 hollow chambers 4
Atria are the ______ chambers of the heart upper
The two lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles
Vessels that transport blood to and from the heart are called Great vessels
Right and left ventricles are separated by the interventricular septum
Left and right atria are separated by the _______ ______ interatrial septum
The ________ pump blood to the body and lungs ventricles
The right ventricle pumps blood to the ________ lungs
The _______ ventricle pumps blood to the body left
Which side of the ventricles is thicker the left is thicker to push more blood through the body
The ____ regulate the flow between the atria and the ventricles (AV) atrioventricular valves
Why is the right AV valve also called the tricuspid valve it has three leaflets
The right AV valve prevents backflow from the _____ ventricle to the _____ atria right, right
_________ valve prevents backflow from the left ventricle tro the left atria Bicuspid or mitral
Which valves regulate flow between the ventricles and the great arteries semilunar
Pulmonary valve prevents backflow from the _______ artery to the _______ ventricle pulmonary, right
The aortic valve prevents backflow from the ______ to the _______ ventricle aorta, left
What causes the vibrations we know as heart beats the heart valves closing
The purpose of the skeleton of the heart is: to keep the valves from stretching and acts as a barrier between the atria and ventricles.
What is the connection between the left and right sides of the heart there is no connection, the blood flow is separate.
Describe the purpose of the chordae tendineae to prevent the tricuspid valve from inverting
When the left atrium is full the _____ _____opens and blood is pumped into the left ventricle mitral valve
______ ______ pump oxygenated blood to the myocardium and deoxygenated blood goes to the cororanary arteries,cardiac veins
Coronary arteries bring________ blood to feed the heart. oxygenated
The left ventricle is also known as _________ and __________ valve mitral or bicuspid
The left ventricle has _____ cusps two
The right ventricle has _______ cusps four
________ ________ are strands of fibrous connective tissue that attach to the bottom AV valves Chordae tenineae
__________ ________ are projections of muscles off of the ventricular wall that attach to the other end of the chordae tendineae Papillary muscles
Superior vena cava receives blood from _______ body upper
Inferior vena cava receives blood from ________ body lower
Another name for the tricuspid valve is ________________ atrioventricular valve (AV)
Epicardium is simple squamous epithelium covering the ___________ myocardium
__________ is simple squamous empithelium lining the 4 chambers, Endocardium
What semi-rigid, fibrous, connective tissue surrounds each valve. skeleton of the heart
A resting heart beats ______ per minute 75-80
Heart rate multiplied by ______ equals cardiac output stroke volume
What two ways affect cardiac out put changing the heart rate and stroke volume
The point of maximum impulse of the heart is _____ apex
What slows the heart rate parasympathetic nervous system
Name two functions of the fibrous skeleton insulates electrical system of the heart and prevents valves from stretching
The left coronary artery branches into the ________ arteries circumflex
What can cause ischemia(lack of blood) blockage of the arteries
What is the pacemaker of the heart sinoatrial node
Give another name for the atriventricular bundle HIS
___ _____ of an EKG represents atrial depolarization P-wave
PR interval is the time it takes the impulses to travel from the ____ to the ______ atria, valves
What represents ventricular depolarization QRS complex
Name the gap between ventricular depolarization and repolarization ST segment
What represents ventricular repolarization T-wave
__________ is conscious awareness of arrhythmias Palpitation
Fibrillation is uncoordinated _________ contraction
What is the sequence of events in a heartbeat called cardiac cycle
The contraction of a chamber is called systolic
The relaxation of a chamber is called diastolic
The ______systole(lub) is followed by ____________ systole(dub) atrial,ventricular
Contractility is the force of _________ __________ ventricular ejection
The harder the ventricle muscle fibers are stretched the more forcefully they contract is called______ _______ Starlings law
________ ________ is the difference between resting output and maximum output in liters Cardiac reserve
The average amount of blood that is pumped through the ventricle is ____%-____% 60-70
What is the amount of blood left in the ventricle during ejection fraction 30%-40%
What opposes the ejection of blood and can decrease stroke volume after load
What is an example of after load systemic hypertension
The heart is located behind the ______ and ______ between the lungs sternum, thoracic cavity
The _______ is the space centrally located between the lungs mediastinum
The endocardium is very smooth to prevent __________ clotting
Created by: sunshine63
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