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Cranialnerves
Question | Answer |
---|---|
N. olfactorius | 1st neuron: cellulae neurosensoriae olfactoriae 2nd neuron: bulbus olfactorius 3rd neuron: subcortical centers substantia perforata anterior nuclueus anterior thalami corpora mamillaria corpus amygdalo |
N. opticus | 1st neuron: rods and cones 2nd neuron: bipolar neurons 3rd neuron: ganglionar neurons 4th neuron: nucleus posterior thalami nucleus corporis geniculati lateralis stratum griseum colliculi superioris 5th neuron: nuclei motorii |
Reflectoric pathways of n. opticus | 1. tractus tectospinalis 2. fasciculus longitudinalis medialis 3. nuclei vegetativi n. oculomotrii |
N. oculomotorius | 1. ramus superior 2. ramus inferior |
N. trochlearis | Back side, through fissura orbitalis superior --> m. obliquus oculi superior |
N. trigeminus | 1. N. ophthalmicus 2. N. maxillaris 3. N. Mandibularis |
N. ophthalmicus | 1. N. lacrimalis 2. N. frontalis - n. supratrochlearis - n. supraorbitalis 2. N. nasociliaris --> n. infratrochlearis - n. ethmoidalis posterior - n. ethmoidalis anterior - nn. ciliares longi - sensory root of ganglion ciliare |
N. Maxillaris 1st terminal branch | 1. N. infraorbitalis pes anserinus minor - rr. palpebrales inferiores - rr. nasales externi - rr. labiales superiores |
Side branches of N. infraorbitalis | a) nn. alveolares superiores anteriores b) nn. alveolares superiores mediae c) nn. alveolares superiores posterior - rr. dentalis superior - rr. gingivales superior |
N. maxillaris 2nd and 3rd terminal branch | 2. Nn. zygomatici - r. zygomaticofacialis - r. zygomaticotemporale 3. Nn. pterygopalatini - sensory root og ganglion pterygopalatini |
N. mandibularis, sensory branches | 1. Ramus meningeus 2. N. auriculotemporalis --> rr. temporales superficiales (PS postganglionic fibers for parotid gland) 3. N. lingualis --> rr. linguales - n. sublingualis - sensory root of ganglion submandibulare 4. N. buccalis 5. Ganglion |
N. mandibularis, motor branches | 1. N. massetericus 2. Nn. temporales profundi 3. N. pterygoideus medialis 4. N. pterygoideus lateralis 5. N. musculi tensori tympani 6. N. musculi tensoris veli palatini |
N. mandibularis, mixed branches | 1. N. alveolares inferiores --> n. mentalis - rr. dentales inferiores - rr. gingivales inferiores N. mylohyoideus |
N. abducens | through fissura orbitalis superior --> m. rectus oculi lateralis |
N. facialis | Plexus parotideus 1. Rr. temporales 2. Rr. zygomatici 3. R. marginalis mandibulae 4. R. colli |
N. facialis, side branches | 1. N. stapedius 2. N. auricularis posterior a)r. occipitalis b)r. auricularis 3. R. digastricus |
N. Intermedius | 1. N. petrosus major 2. Chorda tympani |
N. vestibulochochlearis, pars cochlearis | 1st neuron: ganglion spirale 2nd neuron: nuclei cochleares 3rd neuron: nuclei dorsalis corporis trapezoidei --> lemniscus lateralis 4th neuron: colliculus inferior, corpus geniculatum mediale |
reflectoric auditory pathway | connections with stratum grieum colliculi superioris |
N. vestibulocochlearis, pars vestibularis | 1st neuron: ganglion vestibulare 2nd neuron: nuclei vestibulares |
N. glossopharyngues | ganglion superius and inferius terminates in rr. linguales |
side branches of IX | 1. N. tympanicus --> n. petrosus minor 2. R. muscularis stylopharyngei 3. rr. pharyngei 4. rr. tonsillares 5. R. sinus cortici |
N. vagus | forms plexus oesphagus and truncus vagalis anterior and posterior a)pars cranialis b)pars cervicalis c)pars thoracica d)pars abdominalis |
Pars cranialis X | 1. Ramus menigeus 2. Ramus. auricularis |
Pars cervicalis X | 1. Rr. pharyngei 2. N. laryngeus superior a) r. externus b) r. internus 3. Rr. cardiaci cervicales superiores 4. N. laryngeus recurrens --> n. laryngeus inferior - rr. cardiaci cervicales inferiores - rr. tracheales - rr. oesophagei |
Pars thoracica X | 1. Rr. cardiaci thoracici 2. Rr. pericardiaci 3. Rr. bronchiales 4. Rr. oesophagei |
Pars abdominalis X | 1. Truncus vagalis anterior a) rr. gastrici b) rr. hepatici 2. Truncus vagalis posterior a) rr. gastrici b) rr. hepatici c) rr. renales d) rr. coeliaci |
N. accessorius | 1. Pars cranialis 2. Pars spinalis 1. R. externus 2. R. internus |
N. hypoglossus | terminates as rr. linguales some fibers leave via ansa cervicalis |