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Psych 116- Cranial
Cranial Nerves and function
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| I | Olfactory Nerve: The olfactory nerve is involved in the sense of smell. This nerve has access to the cerebral cortex, but does not pass through the thalamus like other cranial nerves. |
| II | Optic Nerve: The optic nerve is involved in the sense of sight. Responsible for vision, damage to this nerve can result in temporary or permanent blindness. |
| III | Oculomotor Nerve: The oculomotor nerve controls pupil constriction and eye movement. This nerve allows us to move our eyes in response to stimuli and dilate or constrict our pupils in response to changing light conditions. |
| IV | Trochlear Nerve: The trochlear nerve also plays a role in the movement of the eyes. This nerve is especially important for looking down and looking in toward a midline object. |
| V | Trigeminal Nerve: The trigeminal nerve plays a role in controlling the muscles needed for chewing. This nerve also provides the senses of pain and touch for the head and face. |
| VI | Abducen Nerve: The abducens nerve allows the eyes to move away from the midline of the face. This nerve must work with cranial nerves III and IV for correct vision. If these nerves don't work together, double vision occurs. |
| VII | The facial nerve controls the muscles used in smiling, frowning, and other facial expressions. It also helps produce taste in two-thirds of the tongue and allows for the sensations of touch and pain from the ear. |
| VIII | Vestibulocochlear: The vestibulocochlear nerve has separate acoustic and vestibular divisions. The acoustic portion of the nerve allows for proper hearing. The vestibular division is essential for normal balance. |
| IX | Glossopharyngeal: The glossopharyngeal nerve allows for taste on the back portion of the tongue, provides the sensations of pain and touch from the tongue and tonsils, and participates in the control of muscles used during swallowing. |
| X | Vagus: The vagus nerve plays an important role in the human body. It controls the sensory and motor functions of the heart and glands. It also participates in the process of digestion |
| XI | Spinal Accessory Nerve: The spinal accessory nerve allows the trapezius muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle to control the movements of the head. |
| XII | Hypoglossal: The hypoglossal nerve allows the tongue to move properly. |
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