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digestive system

selected vocabulary terms

QuestionAnswer
mouth digestion begins here with mechanical breakdown of food
salivary glands glands of the mouth that produce saliva
Amylase an enzyme found in saliva starts to breaks down some of the carbohydrates before leaving the mouth
Pharynx throat/back of the mouth; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
Esophagus a muscular tube in chest that food flows down
Peristalsis involuntary muscular waves that force food down through the esophagus to the stomach
Sphincter a ring of muscle that contracts to close an opening - esophogeal and pyloric sphincters
small intestine the longest part of the alimentary canal
Duodenum first part of small intestines
Jejunum middle portion of small intestine where chemical digestion ends and absorption begins
Ileum last part of small intestines
large intestine removes water from the undigested matter and form solid waste that can be excreted.
Cecum a pouch at the beginning of the large intestine that joins the small intestine to the large intestine
Appendix a small
Colon extends from the cecum up the right side of the abdomen
ascending colon beginning - absorbs fluids and salts
transverse colon middle - absorbs fluids and salts
descending colon final - absorbs fluids and salts
Rectum A short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into a solid form before being eliminated
Anus opening through which wastes leave the digestive tract
Pancreas releases enzymes via the common Bile duct into the Duodenum to help digest fats carbohydrates and proteins. Also release hormones into the blood to control Blood Sugar Levels - Insulin and Glucagon
Liver Produces bile - which is a biological detergent that breaks down fats. Bile is stored and concentrated in the Gall bladder and released into the Duodenum in response to food entering the stomach.
Created by: rufuspat
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