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Anatomy Chapter1
Fundamentals of Anatomy Physiology Chapter 1 - The Human Body
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ANATOMY | STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OR MORPHOLOGY OF THE BODY AND HOW THE BODY IS ORGANIZED |
| PHYSIOLOGY | STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONS OF BODY PARTS, WHAT THEY DO AND HOW THEY DO IT |
| PATHOLOGY | STUDY OF THE DISEASES OF THE BODY |
| LEONARDO DA VINCI | THE FIRST TO CORRECTLY ILLUSTRATE THE HUMAN SKELETON WITH ALL OF ITS BONES |
| ANDREAS VESALIUS | WROTE A BOOK ON THE HUMAN BODY |
| WILLIAM HARVEY | DISCOVERED HOW BLOOD CIRCULATES THROUGH THE BODY |
| SUPERIOR | UPPERMOST OR ABOVE |
| INFERIOR | LOWERMOST OR BELOW |
| ANTERIOR | TOWARD THE FRONT |
| VENTRAL | BELLY SIDE |
| POSTERIOR | TOWARD THE BACK |
| DORSAL | BACK SIDE |
| CEPHALAD OR CRANIAL | TOWARD THE HEAD |
| CAUDAL | ANOTHER TERM FOR INFERIOR |
| MEDIAL | NEAREST THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY |
| LATERAL | TOWARD THE SIDE OR AWAY FROM THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY |
| PROXIMAL | NEAREST THE POINT OF ATTACHMENT OR ORIGIN |
| DISTAL | AWAY FROM THE POINT OF ATTACHMENT OR ORIGIN |
| MIDISAGITTAL PLANE | PLANE THE VERTICALLY DIVIDES THE BODY THROUGHT HE MIDLINE INTO TWO EQUAL LEFT AND RIGHT PORTIONS OR HALVES |
| SAGITTAL PLANE | ANY PLANE PARALLEL TO THE MIDSAGITTAL OR MEDIAN PLANE VERTICALLY DIVINDING THE BODY INTO UNEQUAL RIGHT AND LEFT PORTIONS |
| HORIZONTAL OR TRANSVERSE PLANE | ANY PLANE DIVIDING THE BOSY INTO SUPERIOR AND INDERIOR PORTIONS |
| FRONTAL OR CORONAL PLANE | PLANE THAT DIVIDES THE AND TERIOR AND POSTERIOR PORTIONS OF THE BODY |
| VISCERA | THE ORGAN OF ANY CAVITY |
| TWO MAJOR CAVITIES | DORSAL CAVITY AND VENTRAL CAVITY |
| DORSAL CAVITY | MAJOR CAVITY THAT CONTAINS ORGANS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT COORDINATE THE BODY'S FUNCTIONS. DIVIDED INTO THE CRANIAL AND SPINAL CAVITIES |
| CRANIAL CAVITY | CAVITY THAT CONTAINS THE BRAIN |
| SPINAL CAVITY | CAVITY THAT CONTAINS THE SPINAL CORD |
| VENTRAL CAVITY | MAJOR CAVITY THAT CONTAINS ORGANS THAT ARE INVOLVED IN MAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS OR A CONSTANTE INTERNAL ENVIROMENT. DIVIDED INTO THORACIC AND ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITIES |
| THORACIC CAVITY | CAVITY THAT IS SURROUNDED BY THE RIB CAGE. CONTAINS THE HEART AND THE LUNGS |
| PERICARDIAL CAVITY | CAVITY LOCATED IN THE THORACIC CAVITY THAT CONTAINS THE HEART |
| PLEURAL CAVITIES | CAVITY LOCATED IN THE THORACIC CAVITY THAT CONTAINS EACH LUNGS |
| MEDIASTINUM | SPACE FOUND BETWEEN THE TWO PLEURAL CAVITIES. IT CONTAINS THE HEART, THYMUS GLAND, LYMPH AND BLOOD VESSELS, TRACHEA, ESOPHAGUS, AND NERVES |
| DIAPHRAGM | SEPARATES THE THORACIC CAVITY FROM THE ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY |
| ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY | CAVITY THAT CONTAINS THE KIDNEYS, STOMACH, LIVER AND GALLBLADDER, SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES, SPLEEN, PANCREAS, AND THE OVARIES AND UTERUS IN WOMEN |
| PARIETAL | REFERS TO THE WALLS OF A CAVITY |
| VISCERAL | REFERS TO THE COVERING ON AN ORGAN |
| PROTOPLASM | THE LIQUID PART OF A CELL |
| CELL | THE SMALLEST UNIT OF LIFE. THE BASIC UNIT OF BIOLOGIC ORGANIZATION |
| DIVERSE TISSUES OF THE BODY CATEGORIES | EPITHELIAL, CONNECTIVE, MUSCLE, NERVOUS |
| EPITHELIAL TISSUE | TISSUE THAT COVERS SURFACES AND PROTECTS, FORMS GLANDS, AND LINES CAVITIES OF THE BODY |
| CONNECTIVE TISSUE | TISSUE THAT BINDS TOGETHER AND SUPPORTS OTHER TISSUES AND ORGANS |
| MUSCLE TISSUE | TISSUE THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY ELONGATED CELLS THAT GENERATE MOVEMENT BY SHORTENING OR CONTRACTING IN A FORCIBLE MANNER. |
| TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE | SKELETAL OR VOLUNTARY, SMOOTH OR INVOLUNTARY, AND CARDIAC MUSCLE |
| SKELETAL OR VOLUNTARY MUSCLE | MUSCLE THAT PULLS ON BONES AND CAUSES BOFY MOVEMENTS |
| SMOOTH OR INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE | MUSCLE IS FOUND IN THE INTESTINES WHERE IT PUSHES FOOD ALONG THE DIGESTIVE TRACT |
| CARDIAC MUSCLE | MUSCLE FOUND ONLY IN THE HEART |
| SYSTEMS | INTEGUMENTARY, SKELETAL, MUSCULAR, NERVOUS, ENDOCRINE, CARDIOVASCULAR, LYMPHATIC, RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM |
| INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT INSULATES, PROTECTS, AND REGULATES THE BODY. EPIDERMIS AND DERMIS. SKIN, HAIR, NAILS, SEBACEOUS GLANDS, AND SWEAT GLANDS |
| SKELETAL SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT PROTECTS THE SOFT AND VITAL PATS OF THE BODY AND PROVIDES SUPPORT FOR BODY TISSUES. BONES, CARTILLAGES, AND MEMBRANOUS STRUCTURES. |
| MUSCULAR SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT PULLS ON BONES TO ALLOW MOVEMENT; PUSHES FOOD AND BLOOD. MUSCLES, FASCIAE, TENDON SHEATHS, AND BURSAE |
| NERVOUS SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT CONTROLLS, CORRELATES, AND REGULATES THE OTHER SYSTEMS OF THE BODY. BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, CRANIAL NERVES, PERIPHERAL VERVES, AND SENSORY AND MOTOR STRUCTURES |
| ENDOCRINES SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT PRODUCES HORMONES THAT CHEMICALLY REGULATE THE BODY'S FUNCTIONS. MASTES GLANDS, PITUITARY GLANDS, THYROID, ADRENAL GLANDS, OVARIES, AND TESTES |
| CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT PUMPS AND DISTRIBUTES BLOOD TO AND FROM THE CELLS OF THE BODY. HEART, ARTERIES, VEINS, AND CAPILLARIES |
| LYMPHATIC SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT DRAIN TISSUE SPACES OF EXCESS INTERSTITIAL FLUIDS AND ABSORBS FATS FROM THE INTESTINE AND CARRY THEN TO THE BLOOD. LYMPH NODES, THE THYMUS GLAND, THE SPEEN, AND THE LYMP VESSELS |
| RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT BRINGS OXYGEN TO AND ELIMINATES CARBON DIOXIDE FRON THE BLOOD. NASAL CAVITIES, PHARYNX, LARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHI, AND LUNGS |
| DIGESTIVE SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT CONVERT FOOD INTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES TO THE CELLS AND ELIMINATES WASTES. MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES, RECTUM, AND ANUS. |
| URINARY SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT REGULATES THE BLOOD, FORMS AND ELIMINATES THE URINE, AND DO THE MANTAINANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS |
| REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | SYSTEM THAT MANTAINANCE OF SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PERPERTUATION OF SPECIES. OVARIES, UTERINE TUBES, UTERUS, VAGINA, TESTES, VAS DEFERENS, SEMINAL VESICLES, PROSTATE GLAND, PENIS, AND THE URETHRA |
| HOMEOSTASIS | THE MAINTENANCE OF THE INTERNAL ENVIROMENT OF THE BODY. ESSSENCIAL TO SURVIVAL. BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, BODY TEMPERATURE, HEART RATE, AND THE FLUID ENVIRONMENT. |
| CLAUDE BERNARD | FIRST TO DISCUSS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS TO THE SURVIVAL OF AN ORGANISM |
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