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Ocular A&P #6 Final
Questions Uvea, Retina, Optic Nerve (Targets for Study Guide Images!)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Consensual light reflex, light in one eye should cause the pupils to do what? | Constricts both pupils equally |
There are approximately 70-80 ciliary processes. T or F | True |
What is the Choroid's primary function? | To supply blood to the outer retina |
Blood is drained from the choroid by the ________. | Vortex Veins |
The choroid receives its blood supply from what? | The Ophthalmic artery via the long and the short ciliary arteries |
Many iris nevi tend to become malignant. T or F | False |
What is hyphema? | Blood in the anterior chamber. |
What is hypopyon? | White blood cells in the anterior chamber. |
What area does the choroid supply? | The outer retina and the foveal area (it is the sole blood supply to the fovea) |
What is the vascular layer of the choroid that is next to the retina? | Choriocapillaris |
What layer of the choroid lies next to the retinal pigment epithelium? | Bruch's Membrane |
Where do drusen form? | Bruch's Membrane |
A posterior uveitis involves what? | It is an inflammation that involves the retina and choroid (also called chorioretinitis ) |
Where does retinal detachment occur? | Between the RPE (Retinal Pigment Epithelium) and the neurosensory retina. |
What is photopic vision and what is needed to accomplish that? | It is daytime vision and cones are needed for photopic vision. |
There are no rods in the fovea. T or F | True |
Vitamin A is required for rhodopsin. T or F | True |
What does the retinal pigment epithelium do? | It metabolizes vitamin A and collects "garbage" from the retina. |
Ultraviolet radiation absorbed by the retina is __________. | Over 400 NM |
Name the Types of color receptors (3) | Red, Blue, Green |
There are 8 vortex veins. T or F | False. There are 4-6. |
What do the vortex veins drain? | The retina and choroid. |
Which converts light energy into electrical energy? | Photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) |
What is the macula lutea? | It is the central 5.5mm of the retina which contains xenthophyll (yellow pigment) |
What is the area that includes the optic disc and the macula called? | Papillomacular bundle |
The medullated nerve fibers in the retina are considered ___________. | Normal |
The medullated nerve fibers interfere with vision. T or F | False |
The nerve fiber layer and the optic nerve are formed by the axons of ___________. | Ganglion cells |
The most common type of color blindness is blue. T or F | False. Red. |
Color blindness is ____________ and it's inheritance is _______________. | Sex-linked, Recessive |
Females are ___________ of color blindness and males ____________________. | Carriers, Have the disorder |
Pseudopapilledema occurs in the _______________________ and it creates a false swelling of the _________________. | Hyaline bodies in the optic nerve, Optic nerve |
Along with pseudopapilledema, this also creates a false swelling of the optic nerve in the hyaline bodies. | Drusen of the optic nerve |
What is a congenital anomaly and is usually located inferior nasal? | Optic nerve (disc) coloboma |
What is coloboma and what can it affect (7)? | A defect of ocular tissue, due to failure of part of the fetal fissure to close; it may affect the choroid, ciliary body, eyelid, iris, lens, optic nerve, or retina. |
What vessels are within the optic disc (2)? | The central retinal artery and the central retinal vein. |
Nerve fibers in the retina are usually non-medullated (myelinated). T or F | True |
Nerve fibers in the optic nerve are usually medullated. T or F | True |
The optic disc forms a physiological blind spot, which is _______ degrees _________ to the central vision spot on a visual field. | 15, Temporal |
The optic disc is located temporally to the maculae. T or F | False, Nasally |
The optic disc is located nasal to the maculae, therefore the blind spot will be just the ___________ and located ___________. *When viewing pictures of the retina, you can tell which eye it is by noting the relationship of the optic disc to macula. | Opposite, Temporally |