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Anatomy quiz 3 NWHSU
Anatomy quiz 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Part of the orbicualris oculi which specifically covers the lid | pars palpebralis |
| muscle which depresses the angle of the mouth producing wrinkles on skin of neck | platysma m. |
| Name the adductors (NOT horizontal adductors) of the humerus | pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis |
| Name the direct branches of the 2nd part of the axillary artery. | thoracoacromial a., lateral thoracic a. |
| specific branch of the basilar artery which helps supply the cerebral hemispheres of the brain | posterior cerebral |
| define (i.e. give the location) the 2nd part of the subclavian artery. | Posterior to anterior scalene |
| EXACT point where axillary artery begins | lateral border of 1st rib |
| artery that supplies mostly the latissimus dorsi; it also supplies subscapularis and serratus anterior to a lesser extent. | Thoracodorsal a. |
| Name the arteries LOCATED IN the fingers (digits 2-5) | common palmar digital aa and dorsal digital aa |
| one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery; it supplies diaphragm, intercostals and pericardium | Musculophrenic a. |
| artery which accompanies the axillary nerve | Posterior Humeral Circumflex a. |
| Give lateral and medial boundaries of the quadrangular space. a) lateral b) medial c) superior d) inferior | a)surgical neck of humerus b)long head of triceps brachii c)subscapularis and teres minor mm. d)teres major |
| the musculocutaneous nerve carries fibers from these spinal cord segments | C5, 6, 7 |
| nerve which enters forearm between the heads of pronator teres, then lies deep to flexor digitorum superficialis. | median n. |
| Injury to the axillary nerve causes paralysis of which muscle(s)? | Deltoid and teres minor mm. |
| the superficial branch of the radial nerve mainly runs deep to this muscle | brachioradialis m |
| Name the 2 branches given off by an intercostal nerve that penetrate the intercostal muscles to supply the SKIN. | lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch |
| What do white rami communicantes carry? BE SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE! | Outgoing preganglionic sympathetic fibers and incoming visceral afferents |
| specific branch of a spinal nerve which supplies the meninges and blood vessels of the spinal canal | meningeal branch |
| give the specific cord segments/spinal nerves that usually form the following: a. sacral plexus b. transverse cervical nerve | a. Ventral Rami L4-S3 b. Ventral Rami C2-C3 |
| Name the cranial nerves with which the cervical plexus communicates: | vagus, hypoglossal, and accessory nn |
| What innervates the superior belly of the omohyoid? Do NOT give spinal cord segments | superior root of ansa cervicalis aka decendens hypoglossi(nerve to omohyoid (superior belly)) |
| 3 letter classification of the type of fibers carried in the ventral root of S2 spinal nerve | GSE GVE |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? a) extensor pollicis longus forms the posterior border of the snuff box b) lumbricals flex the MP and extend the interphalangeal joints | a)T b)T |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? c) the palmar aponeurosis is proximally attached to the flexor retinaculum and tendon of palmaris longus d) adductor pollicis is innervated by the ulnar nerve | c)T d)T |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? e) just prior to entering the carpal tunnel, the flexor tendons to the fingers are surrounded by digital tendon sheaths | e)F (common flexor tendon sheath) |
| Name 3 hypothenar muscles. | opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, palmaris brevis |
| ligament which attaches at the lesser and greater tubercles; helps hold a tendon of biceps in bicipital groove | Transverse humeral ligament |
| ligament that laterally reinforces the articular capsule of the elbow joint | radial collateral ligament |
| the lateral pectoral nerve arises from the ( ) (be very specific) of the ( ) plexus | Lateral cord; brachial plexus |
| the tibial nerve arises from the ( ) of the sacral plexus and carries fibers from cord segment(s) ( ). | anterior division; (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3) |
| The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves are branches of the ( ) plexus and carry ( ) cord segment(s). | Lumbar, L1 |
| Name 2 ligaments with attachment to the acromion of the scapula. | Acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligaments |
| muscle that elevates ribs: it has atachments to transverse processes of C7-T11 vertebrae and subjacent ribs: it is innervated by dorsal rami of thoracospinal nerves | Serratus Posterior mm |
| origin of the pectoralis minor muscle | anterior surface of ribs 3, 4, 5 near costal cartilages |
| insertion of the subscapularis muscle | lesser tubercle of humerus |
| inNERVation (nerve) of serratus anterior muscle | long thoracic n |
| inNERVation of subclavius muscle | subclavian n |
| origin of the levator scapulae | C1-4 (transverse processes) |
| give the action of lattissimus dorsi. | extension, adduction, and medial rotation of humerus; downward rotation and assists in depression of scapula |
| insertion of the teres minor | greater tubercle of humerus (inferior facet) |
| Give the action of the LOWER trapezius | depression, upward rotation of the scapula |
| origin of brachialis muscle (BE SPECIFIC) | lower half of anterior shaft of humerus |
| insertion of palmaris longus | palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum |
| two muscles which can act to rotate the radius so that the palm faces anteriorly | supinator, biceps brachii |
| Name the muscle(s) in the anterior forearm that form(s) the superficial layer | pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus |
| inNERVation of the triceps brachii | radial n |
| What is the action of the extensor digitorum? Be VERY specific! | extension of 4 fingers at MP joints & IP joints; assists extension of wrist. |
| insertion of the extensor expansion | base of the 2nd and 3rd phalanges |
| action of extensor carpi ulnaris | extension, adduction of wrist |
| name the elevators of the scapula | lavator scapulae & upper trapezius |
| Name the upward rotators of the scapula | upper and lower trapezius & serratus anterior |
| Name the extensors of the elbow. | Triceps brachii, anconeus |
| Name the pronators of the forearm. | pronator teres & pronator quadratus |
| muscle that raises the upper lip | levator labii superioris |
| specific action of pars alaris of nasalis | widens nostrils |
| muscle which raises the CORNER of the mouth as in the expression of disdain | levator anguli oris |
| specific artery that accompanies the radial nerve in the upper arm | profunda brachii a |
| artery which accompanies the phrenic nerve | pericardiophrenic artery (and vein) |
| What vessels give rise to the DORSAL metacarpal arteries? Be specific. | dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery --> dorsal carpal br. Of the ulnar a. and anterior interosseous a. via anastamosis --> dorsal metacarpal arteries |
| Terminal part (end) of the radial artery | deep palmar arch |
| Name the direct branches of the 3rd part of the axillary artery | subscapular a., posterior humeral circumflex a., anterior humeral circumflex a. |
| Beginning with the brachial artery, make a flow chart showing the course a drop of blood would take to reach the DEEPSEST extensor muscles in the forearm: | Brachial a. --> Ulnar a. --> Common Interosseous a. --> Posterior Interosseous a |
| specific branch of the basilar artery which helps supply the very large hemispheres of the brain | Posterior cerebral a. (Very large = Cerebrum) |
| vessel which forms an anastomosis with the superficial palmar arch | superficial palmar branch of the radial a |
| injury to any of these spinal nerve roots may affect the function of the ulnar nerve | C7, C8, T1 |
| A baseball batter of thin build was severly hit by a wild pitch in the posterolateral aspect of the upper arm about midway up. What nerve would you check for possible injury? Briefly explain how you would perform the check. | Radial n. Now Check for function of the triceps, anoconeus (extensors of the elbow), and extensors of the forearm. Also check for a loss of sensation in skin on lateral half of posterior surface of hand. |
| Injury to the musculocutaneous nerve would affect what muscles? | biceps, brachialis, and coracobrachialis. |
| the musculocutaneous nerve runs primarily on the anterior surface of this muscle | brachialis |
| this nerve passes between the deep and superficial heads of the pronator teres | median n |
| spinal nerves (levels of the cord) which have white rami communicantes | T1-L2 or L3 |
| what do gray rami communicantes carry? BE SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE! | incoming sympathetic postganglionic fibers |
| 3 letter classification given to the anterior horn of the spinal cord | GSE |
| Give specific spinal cord segments that usually form the… a. descendens cervicalis b. supraclavicular nerves | a. C2,C3 b. C3,C4 |
| What does the ansa cervicalis innervate? BE SPECIFIC! | sternohyoid m., sternothyroid m., omohyoid m. (inferior belly) |
| alternate name for specifically the c3 dorsal ramus (posterior primary division) | 3rd occipital n. |
| forms the upper border of the "triangle of auscultation" | trapezius muscle |
| Name 2 ligaments that connect the scapula and clavicle. | coracoclavicular acromioclavicular |
| ligament torn in hyperadduction of the wrist | radial collateral ligament |
| ligament that holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii in a groove | transverse humeral ligament |
| The obturator nerve arises from the ( ) division of the ( ) plexus. | Anterior division; Lumbar plexus |
| the tibial nerve arises from the ( ) of the sacral plexus and carries fibers from cord segment(s) ( ). | anterior division; L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 |
| the upper subscapular nerve arises from the ( ) (be very specific) of the brachial plexus. | posterior cord |
| Name the hypothenar muscles | opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, palmaris brevis |
| FALSE? a. extensor pollicis longus forms the posterior border of the snuff box b. lumbricals extend the mp and interphalangeal joints c. the palmar aponeurosis is proximally attached to the tendon of palmaris longus and the flexor retinaculum | B. lumbricals flex the MP and extend the IP joints |
| False? b. lumbricals extend the mp and interphalangeal joints c. the palmar aponeurosis is proximally attached to the tendon of palmaris longus and the flexor retinaculum | B. lumbricals flex the MP and extend the IP joints |
| False? b. lumbricals extend the mp and interphalangeal joints d. all interossei are innervated by the ulnar nerve e. the dorsal interossei abduct the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digits | B. lumbricals flex the MP and extend the IP joints |
| inNERVation (nerve) of serratus anterior muscle | long thoracic n |
| insertion of subscapularis muscle | lesser tubercle of humerus |
| inNERVAtion of pectoralis minor muscle | medial pectoral n |
| give the action that ONLY following parts of the pectoralis major muscle can perform: (i.e., give only action that the other part CANNOT perform) a) sternal head b) clavicular head | a)extension of humerus b)flexion of humerus |
| give the action of the teres major muscle | extension, medial rotation, and adduction of humerus |
| inNERVation of the latissimus dorsi | thoracodorsal n. |
| action of the infraspinatus muscle | lateral rotation and extension of the humerus |
| origin of the serratus PoOSTERIOR superior | ligamentum nuchae - caudal portion; c7-t3 SPs |
| innervation of the levator scapulae | dorsal scapular n |
| give the origin of the trapezius | external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, c7-t12 sp's |
| name the muscle(s) in the anterior forearm that form(s) the intermediate layer. | flexor digitorum superficialis |
| DEEP muscle that inserts on the distal anterior radius | pronator quadratus |
| insertion of palmaris longus | palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum |
| origin of brachialis muscle (BE SPECIFIC) | Lower half of anterior shaft of humerus |
| specific insertion of flexor pollicis longus | distal phalanx of thumb |
| What is the action of the extensor digitorum? Be VERY specific! | extension of wrist, extension of phalanges of 4 fingers @ the IP and MP joints |
| insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus | base of 2nd metacarpal |
| COMMON origin of many of the flexors located in the forearm | medial epicondyle of the humerus |
| insertion of anconeus | olecranon process and upper posterior surface of ulna |
| name the muscles which form the rotator cuff | supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis (SITS) |
| name the elevators of the scapula | levator scapulae & upper trapezius |
| Name the abductors of the wrist. (radial deviators) | flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus |
| Name the horizontal adductors of the humerus. | pectoralis major, anterior deltoid |
| muscle which inserts into the UPPER lip and moves the upper lip upward and outward | zygomaticus minor |
| muscle that compresses the cheeks as in blowing and mastication | buccinator |
| smile (grin) muscle | risorius |
| artery that supplies thenar muscles | superficial palmar branch of the radial a |
| gives origin to the common palmar digital aa. | superficial palmar arch |
| an artery which arises from the second part of the subclavian | costocervical trunk |
| SPECIFIC MEDIALLY located vessel that contributes to the dorsal carpal rete (anastomosis on dorsal wrist) | dorsal carpal branch of ulnar a. |
| the basilic vein travels on the ________ (medial, anterior, lateral) aspect of the upper limb and is a tributary to ________. | Medial, Axillary v |
| name the direct branches of the thyrocervical trunk. | inferior thyroid a, suprascapular a, transverse cervical a |
| the musculocutaneous nerve carries fibers from these spinal cord segments | C5, 6, 7 |
| bony LANDMARK with which the axillary nerve is asociated | surgical neck of humerus |
| nerve that enters the forearm between the heads of the pronator teres muscle | median nerve |
| what muscular paralysis results from injury to the axillary nerve? | deltoids and the teres minor muscles |
| 3 letter classification (e.g., SVA) given to the neurons located in the anterior horn of the spinal cord | GSE |
| What do white rami communicantes carry? BE SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE! | outgoing sympathetic preganglionic fibers & incoming visceral afferents |
| Name the 2 branches given off by an intercostal nerve that penetrate the intercostal muscles to supply the SKIN. | lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch |
| the cervical plexus communicates with which CRANIAL NERVES? | vagus, hypoglossal, and accessory nn |
| what form the suboccipital nerve? BE SPECIFIC AND COMPLETE. | C1 dorsal ramus |
| innervates the superior belly of the omohyoid m. (do NOT list the actual apinal segments) | superior root of ansa cervicalis |
| which one of the following statements is FALSE? b) the lumbricals flex the MP joints and extend the interphalangeal c) the tendon of flexor pollicis longus passes through the carpal tunnel d) the adductor pollicis is innervated by the median nerve | d) |
| name the hypothenar muscles | palmaris brevis, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi |
| the lower subscapular nerve arises from the ________ (be very specific) of the brachial plexus | posterior cord |
| the common fibular/peroneal n. arises from the ________ (be very specific) of the sacral plexus. (NO SEGMENTS!). | posterior division |
| L1 spinal nerve forms the ________ and ________ nerves and contributes to the genitofemoral nerve | iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal |
| ________ forms the lateral border of the "triangle of auscultation" | medial border of the scapula (medial = lower trapezius; inferior = latissimus dorsi) |
| Name 2 bursae associated with the superior and/or anterior part of the shoulder joint | subacromial bursa, subscapular bursa |
| a sprained wrist caused by hyperextension. Give specific ligamentous damage | palmar radiocarpal ligament, palmar ulnocarpal ligament |
| action of rhomboids | retraction and downward rotation of scapula |
| insertion of the serratus POSTERIOR inferior | inferior border of ribs 8-12 |
| give the insertion of the rhomboid MINOR only | medial border of the scapula at root of spine |
| origin of subclavius muscle | first rib costocartilage junction |
| inNERVation of subscapularis muscle | Upper and lower subscapular ns. |
| insertion of pectoralis minor muscle | coracoid process of scapula |
| give the action of the pectoralis major muscle | adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation of humerus; flexion of humerus (clavicular) extension of humerus (sternocostal) |
| insertion of the pronator teres | middle of lateral shaft of radius |
| give the action of the biceps brachii | flexion of the humerus (short head), flexion at the elbow, supination of the forarm |
| muscle that flexes the DIP joints of four fingers | flexor digitorum profundus |
| COMMON origin of many of the flexors located in the forearm | medial epicondyle of humerus |
| Name the muscles that insert into the 2nd (middle) and 3rd (distal) phalanges via the extensor expansion. | extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis, |
| muscle inserting into the styloid process of the radius: it provides flexion of the elbow in the neutral position | brachioradialis m |
| action of extensor carpi ulnaris | extension of wrist and adduction (ulnar deviation) of wrist |
| SPECIFIC insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle | base of 3rd metacarpal |
| rotator cuff muscle that inserts on the lower facet of the greater tubercle | teres minor |
| Name the upward rotators of the scapula. (Be specific!) | Upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior |
| Name the flexors of the wrist. | flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus (assists) |
| the ________ interossei adduct the ________ digits. | palmar interossei; 2nd, 4th, 5th (PAD, DAB) |
| muscle which depresses the angle of the mouth producing wrinkles on skin of neck | platysma m |
| muscle which raises upper lip and dialates naris | levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
| muscle that draws the eybrows medially and downward: it is located deep to another muscle | corrugator supercilli |
| terminal part of the ulnar artery | superficial palmar arch |
| artery with which the terminal part of the ulnar artery forms an anastomosis | superficial palmar branch of the radial a. |
| artery supplying pectoral, deltoid, clavicular and acromial areas (has similar named branches) | thoracoacromial a. |
| artery which accompanies the axillary nerve | posterior humeral circumflex a |
| name the INTRACRANIAL branches of the vertebral artery. (4) | meningeal, posterior and anterior spinal aa., posterior inferior cerebellar a, medullary a |
| artery that supplies mostly serratus anterior; it also helps to supply subscapularis, axillary lymph nodes, and mammary gland | lateral thoracic a |
| Name the extensors of the wrist. | extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris |
| Name the flexors of the wrist. | flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus |
| name two thenar muscles innervated (totally or inpart) by ulnar n. | flexor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis |
| the ________ interossei adduct the ________ digits. | palmar interossei; 2nd, 4th, 5th (PAD, DAB) |
| specific inNERVAtion of the anterior belly of the digastric. | CN 5 |
| muscle that depresses hyoid bone and elevates larynx | thyrohyoid |
| insertion of the serratus POSTERIOR inferior | inferior border of ribs 8-12 |
| give the action of infraspinatus | extension and lateral rotaion of humerus |
| nerve of the rhomboid muscles | dorsal scapular n |
| origin of levator scapulae | tp's of c1-4 |
| give the action of the rhomboids | retraction and downward rotation of scapula |
| the tendons of ________ pass through the tendons of ________. | flexor digitorium profundus, flexor degitorium superficialis |
| origin of brachialis muscle (BE SPECIFIC) | distal 1/2 of anterior shaft of humerus |
| muscle that originates from the posterior ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane: it inserts into the base of the 1st metacarpal. | abductor pollicis longus |
| muscle inserting into the styloid process of the radius: it provides flexion of the elbow in the neutral position | brachioradialis m. |
| insertion of extensor pollicis brevis | base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
| origin of the lateral head of the triceps | posterior shaft of the humerus, above the spiral groove |
| name the adductors of the wrist. | flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi ulnaris |
| name the upward rotators of the scapula | Upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior |
| action of the temporoparietalis muscle | helps keep scalp tight |
| smile (grin) muscle | risorius |
| inNERVAtion of the platysma muscle | CN 7 (facial nerve) |
| name the extensors of the humerus. BE SPECIFIC! | latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor triceps brachii (long head), pectoralis major (sternal head) |
| vessel which supplies the anterior thumb | princeps pollicis |
| branch of basilar artery supplying the internal ear | labyrinthine |
| artery which supplies the trapezius and levator scapulae, but not the rhomboids | transverse cervical a. |
| Name the direct branches of the 2nd part of the axillary artery. | thoracoacromial a., lateral thoracic a. |
| gives origin to the common palmar digital aa | superficial palmar arch |
| one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery: it enters the rectus sheath | superior epigastric a. [other terminal branch is the musculophrenic a.] |
| vein often used in routine blood withdrawal (with a syringe) | median cubital vein |
| specific artery which accompanies a branch of the median nerve and supplies deep flexors of the of the forearm | anterior interosseous a. |
| the radial nerve carries fibers from these spinal segments | C5, 6, 7, 8 (T1) |
| besides the flexor carpi ulnaris, list muscular components innervated by the ulnar nerve | look in notes (7) |
| bony LANDMARK that best gives the level which the radial nerve splits into its 2 branchs | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| injury to this SPECIFIC nerve could produce anaesthesia over the lateral part of the posterior hand and the posterior surface of radial 2 1/2 or 3 1/2 digits over proximal phalanx; no muscles would be affected | superficial branch of the radial nerve |
| spinal nerves (levels of the cord) that have gray rami communicantes | All |
| specific part of a spinal nerve to which the white ramus communicans is attached | T1-L2 or L3 |
| Give the specific spinal cord segments that usually form the following: a) lumbar plexus b) inferior root of the ansa cervicalis | a)L1-L4 b)C2-C3 |
| what forms the greater occipital nerve? BE SPECIFIC AND COMPLETE! | dorsal rami of mostly C2 and some C3 |
| which of the following statements is TRUE? b) the superficial transverse metacarpal ligament fils in gaps between longitudinal bands of Palmer Aponeurosis | B |
| Name the thenar muscles which do NOT have a longus or a brevis. | adductor pollicis, opponens pollicis |
| 3 letter classification of the neuron cell bodies located in the lateral horn of the cord. | GVE |
| Forms the medial border of the "triangle of auscultation" | medial = Trapezius (lower), inferior = Latissimus dorsi, lateral = medial boarder of scapula |
| ligament that attaches to lesser and greater tubercles as crosses the intertubercular groove: holds tendon of long head of biceps in place | transverse humeral ligament |
| ligament torn in hyperadbduction of wrist | ulnar collateral ligament |
| ligament of shoulder immediately deep to subscapularis tendon: it has superior, middle and inferior parts: IMPORTANT: it does NOT attach to coracoid process | Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior/SGHL, MGHL, IGHL) |
| the medial pectoral nerve arises from the ________ (BE VERY SPECIFIC) of the brachial p. | medial cord |
| The suprascapular nerve arises from the ________ (BE VERY SPECIFIC) of the brachial p. | superior trunk |
| the superior gluteal nerve arises from the ________ division of the ________ plexus | posterior division; sacral |
| inNERVation of trapezius | CN XI (11) and C3, 4 spinal ns |
| action of serratus POSTERIOR superior | raises ribs increasing thoracic cavity during inspiration |
| besides elevation, the action of the levator scapulae of the scapula | downward rotation of scapula |
| give the insertion of the trapezius | lateral 3rd of clavicle and acromion of scapula (upper); spine of scapula (middle); root of spine of scapula (lower) |
| muscle which acts as the PRIMARY fixator during contraction of the deltoid. | trapezius muscle |
| insertion of flexor pollicis longus | distal phalanx of thumb |
| insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris | base of 5th metacarpal, pisiform, hamate |
| muscle whose long tendon is often used for tendon repair; it is also sometimes absent | palmaris longus |
| origin of the long head of the biceps brachii | supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (short head: coracoid process of scapula) |
| name the muscle(s) in the anterior forearm that form(s) the intermediate layer. | flexor digitorum superficialis |
| action of extensor carpi ulnaris | extension and adduction of wrist (ulnar deviation) |
| muscle that originates below the radial notch on posterior ulna and posterior capsule; it inserts between anterior and posterior oblique lines on anterior surface of proximal radius. | supinator |
| origin of the lateral head of the triceps | posterior shaft of the humerus, above the spiral groove |
| a retractor of the scapula innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve | Rhomboids major and minor |
| rotator cuff muscle that inserts on the lower facet of the greater tubercle | teres minor |
| Name the extensors of the wrist. | extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris |
| name the downward rotators of the scapula | levator scapula, rhomboids (major and minor), pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi |
| action of the temporoparietalis muscle | keep scalp tight |
| muscle which raises upper lip and dialates nares | levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
| action of mentalis | protrudes lower lip and wirnkles skin on chin |
| SPECIFIC MEDIALLY located vessel that contributes to the anastomosis on the dorsum of the wrist | dorsal carpal branch of ulnar (along with anterior interosseous and dorsal carpal branch of radial) |
| the cephalic vein travels on the ________ (medial, anterior, lateral) aspect of the upper limb and is a tributary to ________. | lateral aspect; axillary vein |
| specific artery that accompanies the radial nerve in the upper arm | profunda brachii a. |
| What vessels give rise to the DORSAL metacarpal arteries? Be specific. | dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery, dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery, anterior interosseous artery via anastomosis |
| term used to describe paired deep veins | venae comitantes |
| name the direct branches of the 3rd part of the axillary artery. | posterior humeral circumflex a., anterior humeral circumflex a., subscapular a. |
| give the superior and inferior boundaries of the quadrangular space. a) lateral b) medial c) superior d) inferior | a) lateral -surgical neck of humerus b) medial -long head of triceps brachii c) superior -subscapularis and teres minor mm. d) inferior -teres major |
| the musculocutaneous nerve runs primarily on the anterior surface of this muscle | brachialis |
| the radial nerve carries fibers from these spinal segments | C5, 6, 7, 8 (T1) |
| consider the major nerves and all SPECIFIC branches crossing the wrist joint or to enter the hand. Next consider a deep laceration completely across lower ANTERIOR wrist. What nervous component if any EXCAPE injury? what nervous component was cut first? | A) superficial branch of radial nerve B) ulnar nerve, followed by median nerve |
| the median nerve runs immediately deep to this muscle during most of its course through the forearm | flexor digitorum superficialis |
| 3 letter classification (e.g., SVA) of the lateral horn of the spinal cord | GVE |
| spinal nerves (levels of the cord) which have white rami communicantes | T1-L2 or L3 |
| What does the ansa cervicalis innervate? BE SPECIFIC! | sternohyoid m., sternothyroid m., omohyoid m. (inferior belly) |
| what forms the greater occipital nerve? BE SPECIFIC AND COMPLETE! | dorsal rami of mostly C2 and some C3 |
| give the specific cord segments that usually form the following: a. brachial plexus b. great auricular nerve | a. ventral rami c5, c6, c7, c8, t1 b. ventral rami c2, c3 |
| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? b. lumbricals extend the mp and interphalangeal joints | b.lumbricals flex the MP and extend the IP joints |
| Name 3 hypothenar muscles. | opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, palmaris brevis |
| ligament of shoulder immediately deep to subscapularis tendon: it has superior, middle and inferior parts: IMPORTANT: it does NOT attach to coracoid process | Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior/SGHL, MGHL, IGHL) |
| a patient presents a "pulled elbow" (specifically, the HEAD of the radius has been pulled through its surrounding ligament, thus tearing it). Give the ligament damaged. | annular ligament |
| forms the inferior border of the "triangle of auscultation" | medial = Trapezius (lower), inferior = Latissimus dorsi, lateral = medial boarder of scapula |
| the tibial nerve arises from the ( ) of the sacral plexus and carries fibers from cord segment(s) ( ). | anterior division L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 |
| The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves are branches of the ( ) plexus and carry ( ) cord segment(s) | lumbar; L1 |
| ligament which attaches at the lesser and greater tubercles of the humerus and forms a retinaculum for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii. | transverse humeral ligament |
| action of serratus POSTERIOR superior | raises ribs increasing thoracic cavity during inspiration |
| muscle which acts as the PRIMARY fixor during contraction of the teres major muscle | Rhomboids major and minor |
| action of the subscapularis | medial rotation and adduction of humerus |
| inNERVation of pectoralis major muscle | lateral and medial pectoral nn |
| a muscle which INSERTS on the coracoid process of scapula | pectoralis minor |
| insertion of flexor carpi radialis | base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals |
| muscle that originates on the posterior ulna and inserts on the radius between anterior and posterior oblique lines | supinator |
| insertion of brachialis muscle | tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna |
| name the muscle(s) in the anterior forarm that form(s) the deep layer | flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus |
| insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus | base of the distal phalanges of the 4 fingers |
| origin of anconeus | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| actions of LONG head of triceps brachii | extension of elbow and humerus |
| inNERVAtion of the brachioradialis | radial nerve |
| name four medial (internal) rotators of the humerus | anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi |
| muscle which lowers the CORNER of the mouth | depressor anguli oris |
| specific action of pars alaris of nasalis | widens nostrils |
| Name the horizontal adductors of the humerus. | pectoralis major, anterior deltoid |
| name the flexors of the wrist. | flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? d) the adductor pollicis is innervated by the median nerve | **** ulnar nerve |
| the ________ interossei abduct the ________ digits. | dorsal; 2nd, 3rd, 4th digits (DAB vs PAD) |
| What vessels give rise to the DORSAL metacarpal arteries? Be specific. | Dorsal carpal branch of the radial, dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar, and the anterior interosseous artery via anastomosis |
| specific vessel which directly supplies blood to the levator scapulae and rhoboids only | dorsal scapular a. |
| one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery, it supplies diaphragm, intercostals, and pericardium | musculophrenic a. (other is superior epigastric which enters rectus sheath) |
| name the direct branches of the 3rd part of the axillary artery | subscapular a., posterior humeral circumflex a., anterior humeral circumflex a. |
| action of the serratus POSTERIOR inferior | depression of ribs outward conteracting the inward pull of the diaphragm during expiration |
| muscle which acts as the PRIMARY fixator during contraction of the deltoid. | trapezius muscle |
| give the insertion of the trapezius | lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion of scapula (upper); spine of scapula (mid); root of spine (low) |
| besides elevation, the action of the levator scapulae of the scapula | downward rotation of scapula |
| give the action of the rhomboids | retraction and downward rotation of scapula |
| insertion of the serratus anterior | vertebral border of scapula, anterior surface |
| action of the subscapularis | medial rotation, adduction of humerus |
| inNERVAtion of pectoralis minor muscle | medial pectoral n. |
| besides adduction, the action of the coracobrachialis | flexion of humerus |
| insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris | base 5th metacarpal, hamate, pisiform |
| inNERVAtion of the brachialis | musculocutaneous n |
| insertion of the pronator teres | middle of lateral shaft of radius |
| origin of lateral head of triceps (be specific) | posterior humerus, above spiral groove |
| COMMON origin of many of the extensors located in the forearm | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| muscle with origin off lateral epicondyle and insertion on olecranon process | anconeus |
| an ANTERIOR muscle which causes downward rotation of the scapula | pectoralis minor |
| name the elevators of the scapula | levator scapulae & upper trapezius |
| muscle used to draw the scalp posteriorly and raises eyebrows as in the expression of surprise | occipitofrontalis |
| muscle that raises the upper lip only | levator labii superioris |
| muscle which raises the CORNER of the mouth as in the expression of disdain | levator anguli oris |
| besides the biceps brachii, name the flexors of the elbow | brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres |
| name the abductors of the humerus. BE SPECIFIC! | Supraspinatus Middle deltoids |
| which ONE of the following statements is FALSE? d) the adductor pollicis is innervated by the median nerve | d) the adductor pollicis is innervated by the median nerve, false - ulnar n. |
| specific artery which accompanies a branch of the median nerve and supplies deep flexors of the forearm | anterior interosseous a (accompanied by anterior interosseous branch of median n) |
| vessel that traverses the triangular space | scapular circumflex a. |
| SPECIFIC MEDIALLY located vessel, contributes to the anastomosis on the dorsal wrist | dorsal carpal branch of ulnar artery |
| give origin to the common palmar digital aa. | superficial palmar arch |
| name the branches of the subscapular artery | scapular circumflex a., thoracodorsal a. |
| vessel which supplies the anterior thumb | princeps pollicis |
| this nerve passes between the deep and superficial heads of the pronator teres | median n. |
| the superficial branch of the radial nerve mainly runs deep to this muscle | brachioradialis m |
| nerve which crosses the wrist superficial to the flexor retinaculum | ulnar n |
| Injury to the musculocutaneous nerve would affect what muscles? | biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis |
| specific branch of a spinal nerve which supplies the tissues in the vertebral canal | meningeal recurrent branch |
| Name the 2 branches given off by an intercostal nerve that penetrate the intercostal muscles to supply the SKIN | lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch |
| What do white rami communicantes carry? BE SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE! | outgoing sympathetic preganglionic fibers & incoming visceral afferents |
| give the specific cord segments/spinal nerves that usually form the following: a. sacral plexus b. transverse cervical nerve | a. L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 b. C2, C3 |
| What innervates the inferior belly of the omohyoid | ansa cervicalis |
| alternative name for the superior root of the ansa cervicalis | decendens hypoglossi |
| what components FORM the carpal tunnel? Do NOT list the contents. | flexor retinaculum, carpals |
| innervation of the levator scapulae | dorsal scapular nerve + branches of c3 & c4 |
| action of serratus POSTERIOR superior | raises ribs increasing thoracic cavity during inspiration |
| give the origin of the trapezius | external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae c7-t12 sp's |
| origin of subclavius muscle | 1st rib costocartilage junction |
| muscle that originates off posterior radius and interosseous membrane: its action is extension of thumb at MP joint | extensor pollicis longus |
| Name the upward rotators of the scapula. | Upper trapezius, Lower trapezius, serratus anterior |
| an ANTERIOR muscle which causes downward rotation of the scapula | pectoralis minor |
| Give the action of procerus | draws medial angle of eyebrows downward & wrinkles skin on bridge of nose |
| smile (grin) muscle | Risorius |
| action of mentalis | protrudes lower lip and wirnkles skin on chin |
| Name the flexors of the elbow. | biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres |
| insertion of the serratus POSTERIOR inferior | Ribs 8-12 - inferior border |
| action of the levator scapulae | elevation and downward rotation of the scapula |
| specific origin of the serratus anterior | lateral surface of upper 8 ribs (by finger-like slips) |
| in detail, describe the insertion of extensor digitorum muscle | inserts via the extensor expansion of the 4 fingers into the base of the 2nd & 3rd phalanges |
| origin of lateral head of triceps (be specific) | posterior humerus above the spiral groove |
| what specific joints are extended by extensor indicis? Be VERY specific! | Extension of the index finger at the metacarpal phalangeal joint, the distal interphalangeal joint, and the proximal interphalangeal joint. |
| origin of the short head of the biceps brachii | coracoid process |
| name two muscles which protract the scapula (round the shoulders to the front) | serratus anterior, pectoralis minor |
| helmet-like aponeurosis joining the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis m. | galea aponeurosis |
| muscle which depresses the angle of the mouth producing wrinkles on skin of neck | Platysma m. |
| Define the 2nd part of the subclavian artery (i.e., where is it located) | posterior to anterior scalene muscle |
| name the branches of the subscapular artery | scapular circumflex a., thoracodorsal a. |
| one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery; it enters the rectus sheath | superior epigastric a. [other terminal branch is the musculophrenic a.] |
| vessel which supplies the 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces and semispinalis cervicis and capitis | costocervical trunk |
| term used to describe paired deep veins | venae comitantes |
| artery that supplies mostly serratus anterior; it also helps to supply subscapularis, axillary lymph nodes, and mammary gland | lateral thoracic a |
| name given to the terminal end of the ulnar artery | superficial palmar arch |
| bony LANDMARK that best gives the level which the radial nerve splits into its 2 branchs | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| injury to this SPECIFIC nerve could produce anaesthesia over the lateral part of the posterior hand and the posterior surface of radial 2 1/2 or 3 1/2 digits over proximal phalanx; no muscles would be affected | superficial branch of the radial nerve |
| spinal nerves (levels of the cord) that have gray rami communicantes | All |
| what do gray rami communicantes carry? BE SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE! | incoming sympathetic postganglionic fibers |
| specific part of a spinal nerve to which the white ramus communicans is attached | ventral ramus of T1-L2 or L3 |
| Give the specific spinal cord segments that usually form the following: lumbar plexus, inferior root of ansa cervicalis | ventral rami L1-L4 ventral rami C2-C3 |
| what forms the greater occipital nerve? BE SPECIFIC AND COMPLETE! | dorsal rami of mostly C2 and some C3 |
| Besides the superior root of the ansa cervicalis, NAME (do NOT give cord sement levels) the 2 nerves that leave the hypoglossal nerve near its anterior end to supply muscles. | nerve to geniohyoid m., nerve to thyrohyoid m |
| Name the thenar muscles which do NOT have a longus or a brevis. | adductor pollicis, opponens pollicis, |
| Which one of the following statements is TRUE? b) the superficial transverse metacarpal ligament fils in gaps between longitudinal bands of palmar aponeurosis | B |
| 3 letter classification of the neuron cell bodies located in the lateral horn of the cord | GVE |
| The medial pectoral nerve arises from the ( ) (BE VERY SPECIFIC) of the brachial plexus | medial cord |
| The suprascapular nerve arises from the ( ) (BE VERY SPECIFIC) of the brachial plexus. | superior trunk |
| The superior gluteal nerve arises from the ( ) division of the( ) plexus. | Posterior Division Sacral Plexus |
| muscle which acts as the PRIMARY fixator during contraction of the teres major muscle | Rhomboids major and minor |
| Give the insertion of levator scapulae. | vertebral border of scapula from superior angle to root of spine |
| give the action of the LOWER trapezius. | depression & upward rotation of scapula. |
| insertion of teres minor | greater tubercle of humerus (inferior facet) |
| insertion of pectoralis major muscle | lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus |
| muscle primarily responsible for holding the scapula against the chest wall | serratus anterior |
| muscle that originates from the posterior ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane: it inserts into the base of the 1st metacarpal | abductor pollicis longus |
| Give all actions of the biceps brachii | flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, short head: flexion of humerus |
| name two muscles which protract the scapula (round the shoulders to the front) | Pectoralis minor, Serratus anterior |
| Name two downward rotators of the scapula. | levator scapula, rhomboids (major and minor), pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi |
| the laughing muscle | Zygomaticus Major |
| part of the orbicularis oculi which specifically covers the lid | pars palpebralis |
| muscle which depresses the angle of the mouth producing wrinkles on skin of neck | platysma m. |
| Name the adductors (NOT horizontal adductors) of the humerus. | pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis |
| Name the direct branches of the 2nd part of the axillary artery. | thoracoacromial a., lateral thoracic a. |
| specific branch of the basilar artery which helps supply the cerebral hemispheres of the brain. | posterior cerebral |
| define (i.e. give the location) the 2nd part of the subclavian artery. | posterior to anterior scalene muscle |
| EXACT point where axillary artery begins | lateral border of 1st rib |
| artery that supplies mostly the latissimus dorsi; it also supplies subscapularis and serratus anterior to a lesser extent | thoracodorsal a |
| Name the arteries LOCATED IN the fingers (digits 2-5) | common palmar digital aa and dorsal digital aa. |
| one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery; it supplies diaphragm, intercostals and pericardium | Musculophrenic a. |
| artery which accompanies the axillary nerve | posterior humeral circumflex a. |
| the musculocutaneous nerve carries fibers from these spinal cord segments | C5, 6, 7 |
| nerve which enters forearm between the heads of pronator teres, then lies deep to flexor digitorum superficialis. | median n |
| Injury to the axillary nerve causes paralysis of which muscle(s)? | Deltoid and teres minor mm. |
| the superficial branch of the radial nerve mainly runs deep to this muscle | brachioradialis m |
| Name the 2 branches given off by an intercostal nerve that penetrate the intercostal muscles to supply the SKIN. | lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch |
| specific branch of a spinal nerve which supplies the meninges and blood vessels of the spinal canal | Meningeal branch |
| Name the cranial nerves with which the cervical plexus communicates: | vagus, hypoglossal, and accessory nn |
| What innervates the superior belly of the omohyoid? Do NOT give spinal cord segments | superior root of ansa cervicalis (nerve to omohyoid (superior belly)) |
| 3 letter classification of the type of fibers carried in the ventral root of S2 spinal nerve | GVE, GSE |
| the tibial nerve arises from the ( ) of the sacral plexus and carries fibers from cord segment(s) ( ). | anterior division; (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3) |
| The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves are branches of the ( ) plexus and carry ( ) cord segment(s). | lumbar; L1 |
| Name 2 ligaments with attachment to the acromion of the scapula | acromioclavicular ligament, coracoacromial ligament |
| muscle that elevates ribs: it has atachments to transverse processes of C7-T11 vertebrae and subjacent ribs: it is innervated by dorsal rami of thoracospinal nerves | serratus posterior mm |
| Terminal part (end) of the radial artery | deep palmar arch |
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