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126

Appendix A: Glossary of Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms - Q – Abbreviati

QuestionAnswer
a- without
ab- away from
abdomin/o abdomen
-ac pertaining to
acous/o hearing
acr/o extremity or topmost
-acusis hearing condition
ad- to, toward, or near
aden/o gland
adip/o fat
adren/o adrenal gland
adrenal/o adrenal gland
aer/o air or gas
-al pertaining to
albumin/o protein
-algia pain
alveol/o alveolus (air sac)
ambi- both
an- without
an/o anus
andr/o male
angi/o vessel
ankyl/o crooked or stiff
ante- before
anti- against or opposed to
aort/o aorta
appendic/o appendix
aque/o water
-ar pertaining to
-arche beginning
arteri/o artery
arthr/o joint
articul/o joint
-ary pertaining to
-ase an enzyme
-asthenia weakness
ather/o fatty paste
-ation process
atri/o atrium
audi/o hearing
aur/i ear
bacteri/o bacteria
balan/o glans penis
bi- two or both
bil/i bile
-blast germ or bud
blast/o germ or bud
blephar/o eyelid
brachi/o arm
brady- slow
bronch/o bronchus (airway)
bronchi/o bronchus (airway)
bronchiol/o bronchiole (little airway)
bucc/o cheek
capn/o carbon dioxide
carb/o carbon dioxide
carcin/o cancer
cardi/o heart
cata- down
-cele pouching or hernia
celi/o abdomen
-centesis puncture for aspiration
cephal/o head
cerebell/o cerebellum (little brain)
cerebr/o cerebrum (largest part of brain)
cerumin/o wax
cervic/o neck or cervix
cheil/o lip
chol/e bile
chondr/o cartilage (gristle)
chrom/o color
chromat/o color
chyl/o juice
circum- around
col/o colon
colon/o colon
0 0
0 colp/o
colp/o vagina (sheath)
con- together or with
conjunctiv/o conjunctiva (to join together)
contra- against or opposed to
corne/o cornea
coron/o circle or crown
cost/o rib
crani/o skull
crin/o to secrete
cutane/o skin
cyan/o blue
cyst/o bladder or sac
cyt/o cell
dacry/o tear
dactyl/o digit (finger or toe)
de- from, down, or not
dent/i teeth
derm/o skin
dermat/o skin
-desis binding
dextr/o right or on the right side
dia- across or through
diaphor/o profuse sweating
dips/o thirst
dis- separate from or apart
doch/o duct
duoden/o duodenum
-dynia pain
dys- painful, difficult, or faulty
-e noun marker
e- out or away
-eal pertaining to
ec- out or away
-ectasis expansion or dilation
ecto- outside
-ectomy excision (removal)
-emesis vomiting
-emia blood condition
en- within
encephal/o entire brain
endo- within
enter/o small intestine
epi- upon
epididym/o epididymis
episi/o vulva (covering)
erythr/o red
esophag/o esophagus
esthesi/o sensation
eu- good or normal
ex- out or away
exo- outside
extra- outside
fasci/o fascia (a band)
femor/o femur
fibr/o fiber
gangli/o ganglion (knot)
gastr/o stomach
-gen origin or production
gen/o origin or production
-genesis origin or production
gingiv/o gum
gli/o glue
glomerul/o glomerulus (small ball)
gloss/o tongue
glott/o opening
gluc/o sugar
glyc/o sugar
gnos/o knowing
-gram record
-graph instrument for recording
-graphy process of recording
gynec/o woman
hem/o blood
hemat/o blood
hemi- half
hepat/o liver
hepatic/o liver
herni/o hernia
hidr/o sweat
hist/o tissue
histi/o tissue
hormon/o hormone (an urging on)
hydr/o water
hyper- above or excessive
hypo- below or deficient
hypn/o sleep
hyster/o uterus
-ia condition of
-iasis formation of or presence of
-iatrics treatment
-iatry treatment
-ic pertaining to
-icle small
ile/o ileum
immun/o safe
infra- below or under
inguin/o groin
inter- between
intra- within
ir/o iris (colored circle)
irid/o iris (colored circle)
-ism condition of
iso- equal or like
-ist one who specializes in
-itis inflammation
-ium structure or tissue
P.775 0
0 jejun/o
jejun/o jejunum (empty)
kerat/o hard or cornea
ket/o ketone bodies
keton/o ketone bodies
kinesi/o movement
kyph/o humped-back
lacrim/o tear
lact/o milk
lapar/o abdomen
laryng/o larynx (voice box)
lei/o smooth
-lepsy seizure
leuc/o white
leuk/o white
lex/o word or phrase
lingu/o tongue
lip/o fat
lith/o stone
lob/o lobe (a portion)
-logist one who specializes in the study or treatment of
-logy study of
lord/o bent
lumb/o loin (lower back)
lymph/o clear fluid
-lysis breaking down or dissolution
macro- large or long
-malacia softening
mamm/o breast
-mania abnormal impulse (attraction) toward
mast/o breast
meat/o opening
-megaly enlargement
melan/o black
men/o menstruation
mening/o meninges (membrane)
meningi/o meninges (membrane)
meso- middle
meta- beyond, after, or change
-meter instrument for measuring
metr/o uterus
-metry process of measuring
micro- small
mono- one
morph/o form
multi- many
muscul/o muscle
my/o muscle
myc/o fungus
myel/o bone marrow or spinal cord
myos/o muscle
myring/o eardrum
narc/o stupor or sleep
nas/o nose
nat/i birth
necr/o death
neo- new
nephr/o kidney
neur/o nerve
ocul/o eye
-oid resembling
-ole small
olig/o few or deficient
-oma tumor
onc/o tumor or mass
onych/o nail
oophor/o ovary
ophthalm/o eye
-opia condition of vision
opt/o eye
orch/o testis (testicle)
orchi/o testis (testicle)
orchid/o testis (testicle)
or/o mouth
orth/o straight, normal, or correct
-osis condition or increase
oste/o bone
ot/o ear
-ous pertaining to
ovari/o ovary
ov/i egg
ov/o egg
ox/o oxygen
pachy- thick
palat/o palate
pan- all
pancreat/o pancreas
para- alongside of or abnormal
-paresis slight paralysis
patell/o knee cap
path/o disease
pector/o chest
ped/o child or foot
pelv/i hip bone
hip bone -penia
-penia abnormal reduction
per- through or by
peri- around
perine/o perineum
peritone/o peritoneum
-pexy suspension or fixation
phac/o lens (lentil)
phag/o eat or swallow
phak/o lens (lentil)
pharyng/o pharynx (throat)
phas/o speech
0 -phil
-phil attraction for
-philia attraction for
phleb/o vein
phob/o exaggerated fear or sensitivity
phon/o voice or sound
phor/o to carry or bear
phot/o light
phren/o diaphragm or mind
plas/o formation
-plasia formation
-plasty surgical repair or reconstruction
-plegia paralysis
pleur/o pleura
-pnea breathing
pneum/o air or lung
pneumon/o air or lung
pod/o foot
-poiesis formation
poly- many
post- after or behind
pre- before
presby/o old age
pro- before
proct/o anus and rectum
prostat/o prostate
psych/o mind
-ptosis falling or downward displacement
pulmon/o lung
purpur/o purple
py/o pus
pyel/o basin
pylor/o pylorus (gatekeeper)
quadri- four
radi/o radius or radiation (especially x-ray)
re- again or back
rect/o rectum
ren/o kidney
reticul/o a net
retin/o retina
retro- backward or behind
rhabd/o rod shaped or striated (skeletal)
rhin/o nose
-rrhage to burst forth
-rrhagia to burst forth
-rrhaphy suture
-rrhea discharge
-rrhexis rupture
salping/o uterine (fallopian) tube or eustachian tube
sarc/o flesh
schiz/o split or division
scler/o hard or sclera
scoli/o twisted
-scope instrument for examination
-scopy process of examination
seb/o sebum (oil)
semi- half
sial/o saliva
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
sinistr/o left or on the left side
sinus/o hollow (cavity)
somat/o body
somn/o sleep
somn/i sleep
son/o sound
-spasm involuntary contraction
sperm/o sperm (seed)
spermat/o sperm (seed)
sphygm/o pulse
spin/o spine (thorn)
spir/o breathing
splen/o spleen
spondyl/o vertebra
squam/o scale
-stasis stop or stand
steat/o fat
sten/o narrow
stere/o three-dimensional or solid
stern/o sternum (breastbone)
steth/o chest
stomat/o mouth
-stomy creation of an opening
sub- below or under
super- above or excessive
supra- above or excessive
sym- together or with
syn- together or with
tachy- fast
tax/o order or coordination
ten/o tendon (to stretch)
tend/o tendon (to stretch)
tendin/o tendon (to stretch)
test/o testis (testicle)
thalam/o thalamus (a room)
thorac/o chest
thromb/o clot
thym/o thymus gland or mind
thyr/o thyroid gland (shield)
thyroid/o thyroid gland (shield)
-tic pertaining to
toc/o labor
tom/o to cut
-tomy incision
ton/o tone or tension
tonsill/o tonsil
top/o place
0 tox/o
tox/o poison
toxic/o poison
trache/o trachea (windpipe)
trans- across or through
tri- three
trich/o hair
-tripsy crushing
troph/o nourishment or development
tympan/o eardrum
-ula small
-ule small
uln/o ulna
ultra- beyond or excessive
uni- one
ur/o urine
ureter/o ureter
urethr/o urethra
urin/o urine
uter/o uterus
uvul/o uvula
vagin/o vagina (sheath)
varic/o swollen or twisted vein
vas/o vessel
vascul/o vessel
ven/o vein
ventricul/o ventricle (belly or pouch)
vertebr/o vertebra
vesic/o bladder or sac
vesicul/o bladder or sac
vitre/o glassy
vulv/o vulva (covering)
xanth/o yellow
xer/o dry
-y condition or process of
abnormal para-
abnormal reduction -penia
above hyper-, super-, supra-
across dia-, trans-
adrenal gland adrenal/o
after post-, meta-
again re-
against anti-, contra-
air aer/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o
air sac alveol/o
airway bronch/o, bronchi/o
all pan-
alongside of para-
alveolus alveol/o
anus an/o
anus and rectum proct/o
aorta aort/o
apart dis-
appendix appendic/o
arm brachi/o
around circum-, peri-
artery arteri/o
atrium atri/o
attraction for -phil, -philia
away e-, ec-, ex-
away from ab-
back re-
backward retro-
bacteria bacteri/o
basin pyel/o
before ante-, pre-, pro-
beginning -arche
behind post-, retro-
below hypo-, infra-, sub-
bent lord/o
between inter-
beyond meta-, ultra-
bile bil/i, chol/e
bile duct choledoch/o
binding -desis
birth nat/i, toc/o
black melan/o
bladder cyst/o, vesic/o, vesicul/o
blood hem/o, hemat/o
blood condition -emia
blue cyan/o
body somat/o
bone oste/o
bone marrow myel/o
both ambi-, bi-
brain cerebr/o (largest part of brain), encephal/o (entire brain)
breaking down -lysis
breast mamm/o, mast/o
breathing -pnea, spir/o
bronchus bronch/o, bronchi/o
bud -blast, blast/o
burst forth -rrhage, -rrhagia
calculus lith/o
cancer carcin/o
carbon dioxide capn/o, carb/o
carry phor/o
cartilage chondr/o
cavity (sinus) atri/o, sin/o
cell cyt/o
cerebellum cerebell/o
cervix cervic/o
change meta-
cheek bucc/o
chest pector/o, steth/o, thorac/o
0 child
child ped/o
circle coron/o
clear fluid lymph/o
clot thromb/o
colon col/o, colon/o
colon, sigmoid sigmoid/o
color chrom/o, chromat/o
colored circle irid/o, ir/o
condition -osis
condition of -ia, -ism, -ium, -y
contraction, involuntary -spasm
coordination tax/o
cornea corne/o, kerat/o
correct ortho-
creation of an opening -stomy
crooked ankyl/o
crown coron/o
crushing -tripsy
cut (to cut) tom/o
death necr/o
deficient hypo-, olig/o
development troph/o
diaphragm phren/o
different hetero-
difficult dys-
digit (finger or toe) dactyl/o
dilation or expansion -ectasis
discharge -rrhea
disease path/o
dissolution -lysis
division schiz/o
down de-
downward placement -ptosis
dry xer/o
duct doch/o
duodenum duoden/o
ear aur/i, ot/o
eardrum myring/o, tympan/o
eat or swallow phag/o
egg ov/i, ov/o
enlargement -megaly
enzyme -ase
epididymis epididym/o
equal iso-
esophagus esophag/o
eustachian tube salping/o
examination -scopy
excessive hyper-, super-, supra-, ultra-
excision (removal) -ectomy
expansion or dilation -ectasis
extremity acr/o
eye ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o
eyelid blephar/o
falling -ptosis
fallopian tube salping/o
fascia fasci/o
fast tachy-
fat adip/o, ather/o, lip/o, steat/o
faulty dys-
fear, exaggerated phob/o
femur femor/o
few olig/o
fiber fibr/o
fixation -pexy
flesh sarc/o
foot pod/o, ped/o
form morph/o
formation -plasia, plas/o, -poiesis
formation of -lasis
four quadri-
from de-
fungus myc/o
ganglion gangli/o
gas aer/o
germ or bud -blast, blast/o
gland aden/o
glans penis balan/o
glassy vitre/o
glomerulus glomerul/o
glue gli/o
good eu-
groin inguin/o
gums gingiv/o
hair trich/o
half hemi-, semi-
hard kerat/o, scler/o
head cephal/o
hearing acous/o, audi/o
hearing condition -acusis
heart cardi/o
heat therm/o
hernia -cele, herni/o
hip bone pelv/i
hormone hormon/o
humped-back kyph/o
ileum ile/o
incision -tomy
increase -osis
inflammation -itis
instrument for examination -scope
instrument for measuring -meter
instrument for recording -graph
jejunum (empty) jejun/o
joint arthr/o, articul/o
juice chyl/o
ketone bodies ket/o, keton/o
kidney nephr/o, ren/o
nephr/o, ren/o kneecap
kneecap patell/o
knowing gnos/o
labor toc/o
large macro-
larynx laryng/o
left or on the left side sinistr/o
lens phac/o, phak/o
light phot/o
like iso-
lip cheil/o
liver hepat/o, hepatic/o
lobe lob/o
loin (lower back) lumb/o
long macro-
macro- lung
lung pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o
male andr/o
many multi-, poly-
measuring, instrument for -meter
measuring, process of -metry
meninges mening/o, meningi/o
menstruation men/o
milk lact/o
mind psych/o, phren/o, thym/o
mouth or/o, stomat/o
movement kinesi/o
muscle muscul/o, my/o, myos/o
nail onych/o
narrow sten/o
near ad-
neck cervic/o
nerve neur/o
net reticul/o
new neo-
normal eu-, ortho-
nose nas/o, rhin/o
not de-
nourishment troph/o
oil seb/o
old age presby-
one mono-
one who specializes in -ist
one who specializes in the study or treatment of -logist
opening glott/o, meat/o
opposed to anti-, contra-
order tax/o
origin gen/o, -gen, -genesis
out e-, ec-, ex-
outside ecto-, exo-, extra-
ovary oophor/o, ovari/o
oxygen ox/o
pain -algia, -dynia
painful dys-
palate palat/o
pancreas pancreat/o
paralysis -plegia
paralysis, slight -paresis
perineum perine/o
peritoneum peritone/o
pertaining to -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -ous, -tic
pharynx pharyng/o
place top/o
pleura pleur/o
poison tox/o, toxic/o
portion lob/o
pouching -cele
presence of -iasis
process -ation
process of -y
production gen/o, -gen, -genesis
prostate prostat/o
protein albumin/o
pulse sphygm/o
puncture for aspiration -centesis
purple purpur/o
pus py/o
pylorus pylor/o
radius radi/o
record -gram
recording, process of -graphy
rectum proct/o, rect/o
red erythr/o
resembling -oid
reticulum reticul/o
retina retin/o
rib cost/o
right or on the right side dextr/o
rod shaped rhabd/o
rupture -rrhexis
sac cyst/o, vesic/o, vesicul/o
safe immun/o
saliva sial/o
same homo-
scale squam/o
sclera scler/o
sebum seb/o
secrete crin/o
seizure -lepsy
self auto-
sensation esthesi/o
sensitivity, exaggerated phob/o
separate from dis-
sigmoid colon sigmoid/o
sinus sinus/o
skeletal rhabd/o
skin cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o
skull crani/o
sleep hypn/o, somn/i, somn/o
slow brady-
small -icle, micro-, -ole, -ula, -ule
small intestine enter/o
smooth lei/o
softening -malacia
sound phon/o, son/o
sheath vagin/o
specializes, one who -ist
speech phas/o
sperm sperm/o, spermat/o
spinal cord myel/o
spine spin/o
spleen splen/o
split schiz/o
sternum stern/o
stiff ankyl/o
stomach gastr/o
stone lith/o
stop or stand -stasis
straight orth/o
striated rhabd/o
structure -ium
study of -logy
study of, one who specializes in the -logist
stupor narc/o
sugar gluc/o, glyc/o, glycos/o
surgical repair or reconstruction -plasty
suspension -pexy
suture -rrhaphy
swallow phag/o
sweat hidr/o
sweat, profuse diaphor/o
tear dacry/o, lacrim/o
teeth dent/i
tendon ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tension ton/o
testis (testicle) orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o
thalamus thalam/o
thick pachy-
thirst dips/o
three tri-
three-dimensional or solid stere/o
throat pharyng/o
through dia-, per-, trans-
thymus gland thym/o
thyroid gland thyr/o, thyroid/o
tissue hist/o, -ium
to or toward ad-
together con-, sym-, syn-
tone ton/o
tongue gloss/o, lingu/o
tonsil tonsill/o
topmost acr/o
trachea trache/o
treatment -iactrics, -iatry, -iatr/o
treatment of, one who specializes in the -logist
tumor -oma, onc/o
twisted scoli/o
two bi-
ulna uln/o
under infra-, sub-
upon epi-
ureter ureter/o
urethra urethr/o
urine ur/o, urin/o
uterine tube salping/o
uterus hyster/o, metr/o, uter/o
vagina colp/o, vagin/o
vein phleb/o, ven/o
vein, swollen or twisted varic/o
ventricle ventricul/o
vertebra vertebr/o, spondyl/o
vessel angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
vision, condition of -opia
voice phon/o
voice box laryng/o
vomiting -emesis
vulva vulv/o, episi/o
water aque/o, hydr/o
wax cerumin/o
weakness -asthenia
white leuc/o, leuk/o
windpipe trache/o
with con-, sym-, syn-
within en-, endo-, intra-
without a-, an-
woman gynec/o
gynec/o word, phrase
word, phrase lex/o
yellow xanth/o
Created by: shachi.pandit
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