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Chapter 3 Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the structure of a cell membrane and explain how this structural organization provides the membrane's function | double layer of phospholipid molecules that self assemble///heads form outer and tails form interior |
| List three functions of membrane proteins | receptors for communicating, help move small molecules and ions in and out of membrane, allow cells to touch or bind |
| Golgi Apparatus | sacs that package and modify protein molecules for transport and secretion |
| Mitochondria | sacs that release energy from food molecules and convert the energy into a usable form |
| Peroxisomes | sacs that contain enzymes capable of digesting worn cellular parts |
| Cilia | projections attached beneath membrane that propel fluids |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | connected sacs, canals, and vescicles that transports materials in the cell and synthesize lipids |
| Cytoskeleton | network of microfilaments and tubules that provide support and structure for the cell |
| Vescicles | sacs that contain substances that recently entered the cell and stores and transports newly synthesized molecules |
| Ribosomes | particles composed of protein and RNA molecules that synthesize proteins |
| List the parts of nucleus and explain why each is important | nucleolus- composed of protein and RNA molecules that is the site of ribosome formation///chromatin-fibers composed of protein and DNA that carries info for synthesizing proteins |
| Simple diffusion | molecules movement through bilayer from region of high con. to low con. |
| Facilitated diffusion | ions move through channels or carrier molecules across membrane from high con. to low con. without energy |
| filtration | hydrostatic pressure forces small substances through a membrane |
| active transport | movement against a concentratin gradient with a carrier protein and energy input (low con. to high con.) |
| endocytosis | the cell membrane engulfs a particle drawing it into the cell |
| exocytosis | a particle exits the cell |
| Define osmosis | movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane into a compartment containing solute that cannot cross the same membrane |
| Distinguish among hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions | isotonic-same osmotic pressure of body fluids, hyper-higher, hypo-lower |
| The period of the cell cycle when DNA replicates is | S phase |
| Describe the events of mitosis in sequence | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| List five factors that control when and if a cell divides | telomeres, waxing and waning levels of kinases and cyclins, cell size, hormones and growth factors, space availability |
| A stem cell | self renews |
Created by:
wmisaacharris
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