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Muscles A+P
Function, origin and insertion points
muscle | function | origin | insertion |
---|---|---|---|
masseter | closes mouth and retracts mandible | maxilla and zygomatic arch | ramus of mandible |
buccinator | presses cheeks against teeth, used for chewing, sucking, whistling and blowing | alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible | orbicularis oris |
sternocleidomastoid | extend head, elevates sternum in forced inhalation, and rotates head | sternum and clavicle | mastoid process |
pectoralis major | rotates, extends, and flexes arm | clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of 2nd through 6th ribs | greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus of humerus |
external oblique | flexes and rotates vertebral column, compresses abdomen | inferior 8 ribs | iliac crest and linea alba |
rectus abdominis | urination, childbirth, forced exhalation, and flexes vertebral column | pubic crest and symphysis | cartilage of 5th and 7th ribs, xiphoid process |
deltoid | (blank) | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | deltoid tuberosity |
trapezius | elevates scapula, extends head, and stabilizes scapula | occipital bone, spines of 7th cervical and athoracic vertebrae | clavicle and acromion |
biceps brachii | flexes forearm, flexes arm | scapula, coracoid process of scapula | radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis |
rectus femorus | extends legs, flexes thigh | anterior iliac spine | patella |
gracilis | adducts and rotates thigh, flexes leg | body and inferior ramus of pubis | medial surface of tibia |
biceps femoris | flexes leg, extends thigh | ischial tuberosity, femur | head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia |
gastrocnemius | plantar flexes foot and flexes leg | lateral and medial condyles of femur, knee capsule | calcaneus |
Pectoralis Major | Flex upper arm | (blank) | (blank) |