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Unit 2B
Nervous System In General
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 Coordinating Systems of the Body | Nervous system and Endocrine System |
| rapid activity involves the ? ex) movement and thinking | nervous system |
| Slow activity involves the ? ex) Growth | Endocrine System |
| The Nervous System is a coordinating system of the body composed of a group of _________ _________ cells for conducting nerve impulses to a center so responses can be made. | Highly Specialized |
| the NS provides a control for the _________ activities of the body . | Rapid |
| Two Major subdivisions of the NS | Central Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System |
| Part(s) of the CNS | Brain & spinal cord |
| Part(s) of the PNS | Nerves |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: To receive stimuli from the ___________ is done by the _________ | environment, Receptors |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: To transform these stimuli into ______ ____ is done by the | Nerve impulses , Receptors |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: transmits nervous impulses to the proper nerve center of the body is done by ? | neurons |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: to process the information and__________ the appropriate response is done by the ? | determine, brain and spinal cord ( CNS) |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: The response is transmitted to the _______ organ via | Effector , Neuron |
| Primary Functions of Nervous Tissue: the effector organ carriers to the response ( _______) examples of effector organs ? | effector , Muscles and Glands |
| the NS is made up of 2 principal types of cells ? | Neurons and Neurogilia |
| the neuron is the _______________ of the nervous system . | functional unit |
| Cytoplasmic extensions that receive info and transmit it toward the cell body | Dendrites |
| contains the nucleus and controls the metabolic activity of the neuron | Cell body or soma |
| Connects the cell body to the axon | Axon Hillock |
| Insulating substance which allows axons to conduct impulses faster | Myelin |
| what cells produce myelin ? | Glial Cells |
| What produce myelin in the CNS ? | Oligodendrocytes |
| What produce myelin in the PNS ? | Schwann Cells |
| Gaps between segments of myelin | Nodes of Ranvier |
| Swellings at the end of the axon, involved in neurotransmitter release | Synaptic terminals |
| gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another | Synapse |
| Supportive connective tissue that nurtures and protects the neurons | Neuroglia |
| 6 types of neuroglia cells | Schwan cells Oligodendrocytes Microglia Astrocytes Ependymal Cells Satellite cells |
| type of neuroglia : form fatty myelin sheaths around the most axons in the PNS only | Schwan cells |
| in Schwaan cells the insulatory material is not continuous along the axon but is interrupted at the ________________ | nodes of ranvier |
| in Schwan cells the impulses jump from node to node as they _______ down the axon , a conduction called ? | travel , Saltatory conduction |
| type of neuroglia : form similar myelin sheaths in the CNS only | Oligodendrocytes |
| type of neuroglia : phagocytic cells that migrate throughout the CNS removing debris, may migrate to areas where nervous tissue is injured | Microglia |
| type of neuroglia : regulate the passage of molecules from blood to brain, helps form the blood-brain barrier that regulates the passage of substances into the brain | Astrocytes |
| Type of Neuroglia : line the brain chambers called ventricles and help form the choroid plexus, which produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | Ependymal Cells |
| Type of Neuroglia : support neuron cell bodies in ganglia of the PNS | Satellite cells |
| 4 neuroglia in CNS | Astrocytes Microglia Oligodendrocytes Ependymal Cells |
| 2 neuroglia in PNS | Schwann cells Satellite Cells |
| 3 structural classification of neurons | Multipolar Bipolar Unipolar |
| type of neuron with more than 2 branches coming off cell body (soma) | Multipolar |
| type of neuron with only 2 branches coming off the cell body ( soma) | Bipolar |
| type of neuron with 1 branch off cell body ( kinda in the center)(soma) | Unipolar |
| Neurons transmit sensory nerve impulses from receptors to the brain and spinal cord | Sensory / Afferent |
| neurons that from brain or spinal cord to effectors ( muscle & glands) | Motor/ efferent |
| carry impulses from one neuron to another | Interneurons (internuncial) |
| interneurons make up the _________ of nerves in the body | Majority |
| Neurons are specialized to receive signals from sensory receptors oe from other neurrons in the body and transfer info along the ? | axon |
| Impulses known as _________ ________ travel the length of the axon and invade the nerve terminal, causing the release of neurotransmitter into the _______ | Action Potentials, Synapse |
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