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Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| respiratory system | the system responsible for taking in oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide |
| nose | the organ used for smelling and breathing |
| nasal cavity | space between the cranium and the roof of the mouth |
| nasal septum | a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two hollow spaces |
| cilia | tiny, hairlike structures that filter inhaled air to trap dust and particles |
| sinuses | cavities in the skull that surrounds the nasal area |
| pharynx | throat; lies directly behind the nasal cavities |
| larynx | voicebox; lies between the pharynx and trachea |
| epiglottis | a special leaflike piece of cartilage that closes the opening into the larynx during swallowing |
| trachea | windpipe; a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest |
| bronchi | two main branches of the trachea |
| bronchioles | the smallest branches of the bronchi |
| alveoli | microscopic air sacs in the lungs |
| lungs | organ found in the thoracic cavity that contains the divisions of the bronchi and alveoli |
| pleura | a membrane or sac that covers the lungs |
| ventilation | the process of breathing |
| inspiration | the process of breathing in air |
| expiration | the expulsion of air from the lungs; breathing out air |
| respiration | the process of inspiration and expiration |
| external respiration | the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream |
| internal respiration | the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream |
| cellular respiration | the process where cell uses oxygen and nutrients to produce energy |
| asthma | a respiratory disorder usually caused by a sensitivity to an allergen such as dust, pollen, animals, medications or a food. The treatment are oxygen therapy and bronchodilators. The symptons are wheezing, dyspnea, tightness in chest. |
| bronchitis | an inflammation of the bronchi and bronchial tubes. The symptons are wheezing, dyspnea, productive cough, chest pain, excessive mucus resulting in a productive cough and prolonged air expiration. The treatment is antibiotics, bronchodilators and/or respir |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | a term used to describe any chronic lung disease that results in obstruction of the airways. Primary cause is smoking, but allergies and chronic respiratory infections are also factors. The symptons are having previous diseases that can lead to it. Treatm |
| emphysema | is a noninfectious, chronic respiratory condition that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorates and loses elasticity. Common causes are heavy smoking and prolonged exposure to heavy pollutants. Symptoms are dyspnea, cyanosis, a feeling of suffoca |
| epistaxis | is a nosebleed when the nose becomes congested. Causes are injury or blow to the nose, hypertension, blood diseases such as hemophilia or leukemia |
| influenza | flu; a highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory system. Symptoms include chills, muscle pain, runny nose, fatigue, fever. Treatment includes bed rest, fluids, and sometimes antibiotics. Immunization with a flu vaccine is recommended for |
| laryngitis | is an inflammation of the larynx and vocal chords. Symptoms are hoarseness or loss of voice, dysphagia, and sore throat. Treatments are rest, limited voice use, fluids, and possibly medication |
| lung cancer | is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. The main cause is smoking or second hand smoke. There are no symptoms in the early stage, but chronic cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, weight loss and chest pain appear in later stages. Treatments inc |
| pleurisy | is an inflammation of the pleura. Symptoms are sharp, stabbing pain while breathing; fever; dyspnea; crepitation. Treatment methods are rest and medications to relive pain and inflammation |
| pneumonia | an inflammation of infection of the lungs characterized by buildup of fluid in the alveoli. Causes are bacteria, viruses, protozoa or chemicals. Symptoms include chills, fever, chest pain, productive cough and dyspnea. Treatments are bed rest, oxygen ther |
| Rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane--runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, congestion. Common causes are infections and allergens. Treatments include administering fluids and medications. |
| sinusitis | an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the sinuses, caused by a bacterium or virus. Symptoms are headaches, dizziness, thick nasal discharge, congestion and loss of voice resonance. Treatments include analgesics, moist inhalants and decongestants. |
| sleep apnea | a condition in which an individual stos breathing while sleeping, causing a decrease in blood oxygen levels. Obstructive: caused by a blockage in the air passage. Central: caused by a disorder in the respiratory control center of the brain. Treatment incl |
| tuberculosis | an infectious lung disease caused by a bacterium, and if body resistance is lowered.Symptoms include fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, hemoptysis and chest pain. Treatment is to administer drugs for one or more years to destroy the bacteria |
| upper respiratory infection | common cold; caused by viruses and are highly contagious. Symptoms are fever, runny nose, sore throat, congestion and hacking cough. Antihistamines, rest and increased fluid intake are treatments. |
| b |
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glynnisia
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