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Skeletal System Quiz
Anatomy: Introduction to the Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is not an active tissue found in the bone? a. Cartilage b. Cuboidal Epithelim c. blood d. nervous tissue | b. Cuboidal Epithelium |
| What is the shaft of a long bone called? | Diaphysis |
| A bone that consists mainly of tightly packed tissue is called.. | Compact bone |
| What are trabeculae? | thin, bony plates where cells lie to get nutrients from substances diffusing into the canaliculi |
| What is a long bone? | Bone that has long, longitudinal axes & expanded ends (ex. forearm & thigh bones) |
| What is a short bone? | Bone that is cubelike, with equal lengths & widths (ex. wrists & ankles) |
| What is a flat bone? | Bone with platelike structures and broad surfaces (ex. ribs, scapula, skull) |
| What is an irregular bone? | Bone that is a variety of shapes and connected to other bones (ex. vertebrae & facial bones) |
| What is the classification on bone called that is not common in the body? (Hint: the patella falls under this category.) | Sesamoid |
| The bone of the cartilage between the primary and secondary ossification centers in long bones and is important for bone lengthening is called what? | Articular cartilage |
| What happens once bone formation is complete? | Osteoblasts & osteoclasts continuously remodel the bones |
| Cells that form new bones are called.. | Osteoblasts |
| Cells that remodel bones are called.. | Osteoclasts |
| What are the functions of bones? | Support & protection, body movement, blood cell formation, storage of inorganic salts |
| What is hematopoiesis? | the process of blood cell formation |
| Where does hematopoiesis occur in the body? | In children, it occurs in the red bone marrow. In adults, in occurs in the pelvis, cranium, vertebrae, and sternum. |
| What is the function of yellow bone marrow? | It stores fat and replaces red marrow in adults |
| What is the function of red bone marrow? | It produces blood cells in the medullary cavity of bones in children. |
| What is an endosteum? | a thin layer of cells that lines the medullary cavity |
| What is a periosteum? | a tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue that encloses the bone |
| What are canaliculi? | a cellular process in which osteocytes communicate with nearby cells |
| How does ossification work in the infant skeleton? | begins as fragile membranes and cartilage but after 3 months of birth, that solidifies into bone |
| What is another name for spongy bone? | cancellous bone |
| What is spongy bone? | consists of branching bony plates and irregular connecting spaces |
| What are haversian systems? | osteocytes and layers of extracellular matrix clustered around a central canal in compact bone |
| What are Volkmann canals? | They contain larger blood vessels & nerves by which the smaller blood vessels & nerve fibers in central canals communicate with the surface of the bone & medullary cavity |
| What are the 5 major types of a long bone? | Epiphysis, diaphysis, medullary cavity, periosteum, endosteum |
| Describe the microscopic structure of compact bones. | Osteocytes & layers of matrix are clustered around a central canal forming a cylinder shape unit called an osteon |
| How does an endochondral bone develop? | develops in the fetus from masses of hyaline cartilage shaped like bony structures |
| How do osteoblasts & osteoclasts remodel bone? | Osteoblasts become active within the layers of connective tissues & deposits bony matrix around itself. Osteoclasts break down the calcified extracellular matrix & secrete an acid that dissolves the inorganic component of the matrix |
| What substances are normally stored in bone tissue? | calcium phosphate, magnesium, sodium, potassium, blood, fats |
Created by:
lezaq
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