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A&P Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote? Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.
Name three structures that all mammalian cells possess. the cell membrane, the cytoplasm, and the nucleus.
Be able to describe key components of the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. Which part is hydrophobic and which part is hydrophilic? The side of the lipid bilayer facing the outside of the cell is hydrophilic and the side facing the inside of the cell is hydrophobic.
What types of protein are found in the cell membrane? The cell membrane contains structural and globular proteins. Globular proteins include integral and peripheral proteins.
What is the glycocalyx? the outer covering of the cell that not only aids in cell adhesion but also allows the cell to be identified by other cells.
Which are found more commonly in mammalian cells: cilia or flagella? Cilia
What are the four principal components of cytoplasm? Cytosol, cytoskeleton, organelles, and inclusions
What is cytosol and what kind of molecules are found in it? Cytosol is the fluid of the cell. It is a viscous, semitransparent liquid composed of dissolved electrolytes, amino acids, and simple sugars. Proteins are also suspended in the cytosol and give it its thick, jellylike consistency.
What is the cytoskeleton and what is its function? a 3-dimensional frame for the cell. Function: it gives support and shape to the cell, enables it to move, provides direction for metabolic activity, and anchors the organelles
Why do inclusions vary in appearance? What function do they perform? The appearance of inclusions varies depending on what they contain and whether or not they have an envelope. They store substances the cell eventually uses.
Can a cell that does not contain a nucleus live as long as a cell that does contain one? Why or why not? No, because the cell cannot repair itself, divide, or make proteins or enzymes without a nucleus.
Created by: avilla
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